Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2023 Apr;30(20):58030-58040. doi: 10.1007/s11356-023-26490-8. Epub 2023 Mar 28.
Stormwater with low temperatures and elevated salinity, common in areas where deicing salt is used, might affect the removal of heavy metals by plants in stormwater treatment systems such as floating treatment wetlands. This short-term study evaluated the effects of combinations of temperature (5, 15, and 25 °C) and salinity (0, 100, and 1000 mg NaCl L) on the removal of Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn (1.2, 68.5, 78.4, and 559 μg L) and Cl (0, 60, and 600 mg Cl L) by Carex pseudocyperus, C. riparia, and Phalaris arundinacea. These species had previously been identified as suitable candidates for floating treatment wetland applications. The study found high removal capacity in all treatment combinations, especially for Pb and Cu. However, low temperatures decreased the removal of all heavy metals, and increased salinity decreased the removal of Cd and Pb but had no effect on the removal of Zn or Cu. No interactions were found between the effects of salinity and of temperature. Carex pseudocyperus best removed Cu and Pb, whereas P. arundinacea best removed Cd, Zu, and Cl. The removal efficacy for metals was generally high, with elevated salinity and low temperatures having small impacts. The findings indicate that efficient heavy metal removal can also be expected in cold saline waters if the right plant species are used.
受融雪剂影响而水温较低、盐度升高的雨水可能会影响到植物对雨水处理系统（如浮床湿地）中重金属的去除。本短期研究评估了温度（5、15 和 25°C）和盐度（0、100 和 1000mgNaCl/L）组合对 Cd、Cu、Pb 和 Zn（1.2、68.5、78.4 和 559μg/L）以及 Cl（0、60 和 600mgCl/L）去除的影响，受试植物为灯芯草、香蒲和菵草。这些物种之前被鉴定为适用于浮床湿地应用的候选物种。研究发现，所有处理组合均具有较高的去除能力，尤其是对 Pb 和 Cu。然而，低温降低了所有重金属的去除率，高盐度降低了 Cd 和 Pb 的去除率，但对 Zn 或 Cu 的去除率没有影响。盐度和温度的影响之间没有发现相互作用。灯芯草对 Cu 和 Pb 的去除效果最好，而菵草对 Cd、Zn 和 Cl 的去除效果最好。金属的去除效果通常很高，高盐度和低温的影响较小。研究结果表明，如果使用合适的植物物种，寒冷咸水中也可以期望实现高效的重金属去除。
