Department of Health Development and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
Asahi Kasei Construction Materials Corporation, 1-105 Kanda Jimbocho, Chiyoda Ward, Tokyo, Japan.
Hypertens Res. 2023 Jun;46(6):1450-1455. doi: 10.1038/s41440-023-01261-7. Epub 2023 Mar 28.
The association of blood pressure and temperature is well known in seasonal observation, and low temperature in the winter season is often considered a cause of high blood pressure. The current evidence for short-term studies of temperature and blood pressure is based on the daily observation, however continuous monitoring with wearable devices will allow us to evaluate the rapid effect of cold temperature exposure on blood pressure. In a Japanese, prospective intervention study from 2014 to 2019 (the Smart Wellness Housing survey), approximately 90% of Japanese lived in cold houses (indoor temperature less than 18 °C). Importantly, the indoor temperature was associated with the increase of morning systolic blood pressure. We recently addressed the sympathetic nervous activation of individuals in both their houses and a highly insulated and airtight model house in the winter season using portable electrocardiography equipment. A few subjects showed a morning surge in sympathetic activity, which was more intense at their cold houses, which suggests the importance of the indoor environment in the management of early morning hypertension. In near future, real-time monitoring with wearable devices will provide important information for a better life-environment, leading to risk reduction of morning surge and cardiovascular events.
血压和温度之间的关联在季节性观察中是众所周知的，冬季低温通常被认为是高血压的一个原因。目前关于温度和血压的短期研究证据基于日常观察，但可穿戴设备的连续监测将使我们能够评估寒冷温度暴露对血压的快速影响。在 2014 年至 2019 年进行的一项日本前瞻性干预研究（Smart Wellness Housing 调查）中，约 90%的日本人居住在寒冷的房屋中（室内温度低于 18°C）。重要的是，室内温度与早晨收缩压的升高有关。我们最近使用便携式心电图设备在冬季对个人在其房屋和高度隔热且密封的模型房屋中的交感神经激活情况进行了研究。一些研究对象表现出早晨交感神经活动的增加，在寒冷的房屋中更为强烈，这表明室内环境在管理清晨高血压方面的重要性。在不久的将来，可穿戴设备的实时监测将为更好的生活环境提供重要信息，从而降低早晨血压激增和心血管事件的风险。
