Naktang Chaiwat, Khanbo Supaporn, Yundaeng Chutintorn, U-Thoomporn Sonicha, Kongkachana Wasitthee, Jiumjamrassil Darunee, Maknual Chatree, Wanthongchai Poonsri, Tangphatsornruang Sithichoke, Pootakham Wirulda
National Omics Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, 113 Thailand Science Park, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand.
Department of Marine and Coastal Resources, 120 The Government Complex, Chaengwatthana Rd., Thung Song Hong, Bangkok 10210, Thailand.
Biology (Basel). 2023 Mar 21;12(3):484. doi: 10.3390/biology12030484.
Unique and biodiverse, mangrove ecosystems provide humans with benefits and contribute to coastal protection. , a member of the Rhizophoraceae family, is prevalent in the mangrove forests of Thailand. 's population structure and genetic diversity have received scant attention. Here, we sequenced the entire genome of using 10× Genomics technology and obtained an assembly size of 219 Mb with the N50 length of 542,540 bases. Using 2857 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers, this study investigated the genetic diversity and population structure of 80 accessions obtained from the mangrove forests in Thailand. The genetic diversity of was moderate (I = 0.573, Ho = 0.619, He = 0.391). Two subpopulations were observed and confirmed from both population structure and principal component analysis (PCA). Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed that there was more variation within populations than between them. Mean pairwise genetic differentiation ( = 0.09) showed that there was not much genetic difference between populations. Intriguingly, the predominant clustering pattern in the population did not correspond to the Gulf of Thailand and the Andaman Sea, which are separated by the Malay Peninsula. Several factors could have influenced the genetic pattern, such as hybridization and anthropogenic factors. This research will provide important information for the future conservation and management of in Thailand.
红树植物生态系统独特且生物多样，为人类带来诸多益处并有助于海岸保护。红树科的一种植物在泰国的红树林中很常见。其种群结构和遗传多样性很少受到关注。在此，我们使用10×基因组学技术对该植物的全基因组进行测序，获得了一个219 Mb的组装大小，N50长度为542,540个碱基。本研究使用2857个单核苷酸多态性（SNP）标记，对从泰国红树林获得的80份该植物样本的遗传多样性和种群结构进行了调查。该植物的遗传多样性处于中等水平（I = 0.573，Ho = 0.619，He = 0.391）。从种群结构和主成分分析（PCA）中均观察并确认了两个亚种群。分子方差分析（AMOVA）表明，种群内部的变异大于种群之间的变异。平均成对遗传分化（Fst = 0.09）表明种群之间没有太大的遗传差异。有趣的是，该植物种群中主要的聚类模式与被马来半岛隔开的泰国湾和安达曼海并不对应。可能有几个因素影响了该植物的遗传模式，如杂交和人为因素。这项研究将为泰国该植物未来的保护和管理提供重要信息。
