Wang Jifu, Yu Lin, Ding Feng, Qi Changzhu
College of Education and Physical Education, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, China.
Neurocognition and Action-Biomechanics Research Group, Faculty of Psychology and Sports Science, Bielefeld University, 33501 Bielefeld, Germany.
Brain Sci. 2023 Feb 28;13(3):423. doi: 10.3390/brainsci13030423.
The present study tested the intrinsic ERP features of the effects of acute psychological stress on speed perception. A mental arithmetic task was used to induce acute psychological stress, and the light spot task was used to evaluate speed perception. Compared with judgments in the constant speed and uniform acceleration motion, judgments in the uniform deceleration motion were made more quickly and with higher accuracy; attention control was higher and peaked later; and there was longer N2 peak latency, larger N2 peak amplitude, and lower mean amplitude of the late negative slow wave (SW). Under stress, the reaction time was significantly shorter. The N2 peak amplitude and SW mean amplitude were significantly higher, attention control was higher and appeared earlier, and there was a greater investment of cognitive resources. The type of movement and evoked stress also interacted to predict behavioral and ERP measures. Under acute stress, judgments made in the uniform deceleration motion condition elicited lower N2 peak latency, higher attention control, and later peak attention. The results suggest that judgments of the speed of decelerating motion require a lower investment of cognitive resources than judgments of other kinds of motion, especially under acute stress. These findings are best interpreted in terms of the interaction of arousal and attention.
本研究测试了急性心理应激对速度感知影响的内在ERP特征。采用心算任务诱发急性心理应激，采用光斑任务评估速度感知。与匀速和匀加速运动中的判断相比，匀减速运动中的判断更快且准确率更高；注意力控制更高且峰值出现更晚；N2峰值潜伏期更长，N2峰值幅度更大，晚期负向慢波（SW）的平均幅度更低。在应激状态下，反应时间显著缩短。N2峰值幅度和SW平均幅度显著更高，注意力控制更高且出现更早，并且有更大的认知资源投入。运动类型和诱发的应激也相互作用以预测行为和ERP指标。在急性应激下，匀减速运动条件下的判断引发更低的N2峰值潜伏期、更高的注意力控制和更晚的注意力峰值。结果表明，与其他类型的运动判断相比，减速运动速度的判断需要更低的认知资源投入，尤其是在急性应激下。这些发现最好从唤醒和注意力的相互作用角度来解释。
