Bajno Dariusz, Grzybowska Agnieszka, Trzyński Ireneusz
Department of Building Structures, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Architecture, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, 85-796 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
Ag-Cel Laboratory, ul. Bydgoska 14, 89-620 Chojnice, Poland.
Materials (Basel). 2023 Mar 13;16(6):2302. doi: 10.3390/ma16062302.
The subject of the article is to assess the suitability of over materials over a hundred years old that are embedded in historic building structures in conditions of contemporary utility challenges in residential and public buildings. It is based on an example of technical condition evaluation of a ceramic staircase erected in 1840 and a structure of two reinforced concrete staircases from the year 1910. As a part of in-situ and laboratory tests, the physical and mechanical parameters of unique historical materials (brick, concrete) were determined. Then the conditions for their incorporation were inventoried and determined in order to save the unique material and technical solutions used in the first half of the 19th century and the first decade of the 20th century. The article is a summary of the research and analyzes carried out in terms of proper handling of historical materials, buildings and their elements that could still fulfill their original function and be a witness to the history of a certain era. Both a research case and an application case are described here. It will allow for the continuation of these studies directly in the facility, thus assessing the effectiveness and suitability of such methods for use in similar or other situations. The aim of this approach was to introduce a non-invasive reinforcing technique that would not change the valuable and authentic appearance of these historic structures. It would also not change their static schemes, and at the same time would ensure their proper load-bearing capacity, bearing in mind that the materials used here are not equivalent to current regulations and standards.
本文的主题是评估那些已有一百多年历史、嵌入历史建筑结构中的材料，在当代住宅和公共建筑面临使用挑战的情况下是否适用。它以1840年建造的陶瓷楼梯以及1910年的两座钢筋混凝土楼梯结构的技术状况评估为例。作为现场和实验室测试的一部分，测定了独特历史材料（砖块、混凝土）的物理和力学参数。然后盘点并确定了将它们纳入其中的条件，以保存19世纪上半叶和20世纪头十年所使用的独特材料和技术解决方案。本文是对在妥善处理历史材料、建筑及其元素方面所进行的研究和分析的总结，这些材料、建筑及其元素仍可履行其原始功能，并见证特定时代的历史。这里描述了一个研究案例和一个应用案例。这将使这些研究能够直接在该设施中继续进行，从而评估此类方法在类似或其他情况下使用的有效性和适用性。这种方法的目的是引入一种非侵入性加固技术，该技术不会改变这些历史建筑结构的珍贵且真实的外观。它也不会改变其静力方案，同时要确保其具有适当的承载能力，要记住这里使用的材料不符合现行法规和标准。
