Almatrafi Roua, Banawas Saeed, Sarker Mahfuzur R
Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia.
Microorganisms. 2023 Feb 26;11(3):591. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms11030591.
Spore germination plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of -associated food poisoning. Germination is initiated when bacterial spores sense various stimuli, including chemicals and enzymes. A previous study showed that dipicolinic acid (DPA) chelated with calcium (Ca-DPA) significantly stimulated spore germination in . However, whether Ca or DPA alone can induce germination is unknown. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the possible roles of Ca and other divalent cations present in the spore core, such as Mn and Mg, in spore germination. Our study demonstrated that (i) Ca-DPA, but not DPA alone, induced spore germination, suggesting that Ca might play a signaling role; (ii) all tested calcium salts induced spore germination, indicating that Ca is critical for germination; (iii) the spore-specific divalent cations Mn and Mg, but not Zn, induced spore germination, suggesting that spore core-specific divalent cations are involved in spore germination; and (iv) endogenous Ca and Mg are not required for induction of spore germination, whereas exogenous and partly endogenous Mn are required. Collectively, our results suggest that exogenous spore core-specific divalent cation signals are more important than endogenous signals for the induction of spore germination.
芽孢萌发在与[具体细菌名称未给出]相关的食物中毒发病机制中起着至关重要的作用。当细菌芽孢感知到各种刺激，包括化学物质和酶时，萌发就会启动。先前的一项研究表明，与钙螯合的吡啶二羧酸（Ca-DPA）能显著刺激[具体细菌名称未给出]芽孢的萌发。然而，单独的钙或吡啶二羧酸是否能诱导萌发尚不清楚。因此，我们旨在评估芽孢核心中存在的钙和其他二价阳离子，如锰和镁，在[具体细菌名称未给出]芽孢萌发中的可能作用。我们的研究表明：（i）是Ca-DPA而非单独的吡啶二羧酸诱导了[具体细菌名称未给出]芽孢的萌发，这表明钙可能起信号传导作用；（ii）所有测试的钙盐都能诱导芽孢萌发，表明钙对萌发至关重要；（iii）芽孢特异性二价阳离子锰和镁而非锌能诱导芽孢萌发，这表明芽孢核心特异性二价阳离子参与了[具体细菌名称未给出]芽孢的萌发；（iv）诱导[具体细菌名称未给出]芽孢萌发不需要内源性钙和镁，而需要外源性和部分内源性锰。总体而言，我们的结果表明，对于芽孢萌发的诱导，外源性芽孢核心特异性二价阳离子信号比内源性信号更重要。
