Gruenberger Isabella, Liebich Amelie-Victoria, Ajibade Temitayo Olabisi, Obebe Oluwasola Olaiya, Ogbonna Nkiruka Fortunate, Wortha Licha N, Unterköfler Maria S, Fuehrer Hans-Peter, Ayinmode Adekunle Bamidele
Department of Pathobiology, Institute of Parasitology, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria.
Department of Veterinary Parasitology and Entomology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan 200132, Nigeria.
Pathogens. 2023 Mar 2;12(3):406. doi: 10.3390/pathogens12030406.
Canine vector-borne diseases are of great relevance not only regarding animal welfare but also in relation to the One Health concept. Knowledge concerning the most relevant vector-borne pathogens in dogs is scarce and limited to stray dogs in most western African regions, and there is virtually no information about the situation in kept dogs presenting (regularly) to vets. Therefore, the blood samples of 150 owned guard dogs in the Ibadan area-in the southwest of Nigeria-were collected and analyzed for the DNA of Piroplasmida (, , ), Filarioidea (e.g., , ), Anaplasmataceae (e.g., , ), Trypanosomatidae (e.g., , ), , , and hemotropic using molecular methods. Overall, samples from 18 dogs (12%) tested positive for at least one pathogen. (6%) was the most prevalent blood parasite, followed by (4%). There was a single positive sample each for (0.6%) and (0.6%). Moreover, one mixed infection with and kilifi was confirmed (0.67%). Generally, the prevalence of vector-borne pathogens in this sample group of owned dogs in southwest Nigeria was lower than in prior studies from the country and in other parts of Africa in total. This leads to the assumption that, firstly, the exact geographical location has a major influence on the incidence of vector-borne diseases, and, secondly, it seems to make a difference if the dogs are owned and, therefore, regularly checked at a veterinary clinic. This study should raise awareness of the importance of routine health check-ups, tick and mosquito prophylaxis, and a well-managed infectious disease control program to prevent vector-borne diseases in canines.
犬媒传播疾病不仅与动物福利密切相关，也与“同一健康”概念相关。关于犬类中最相关的媒介传播病原体的知识稀缺，且在大多数西非地区仅限于流浪狗，几乎没有关于定期去看兽医的家养犬情况的信息。因此，收集了尼日利亚西南部伊巴丹地区150只家养护卫犬的血样，并使用分子方法分析了梨形虫纲（ 、 、 ）、丝虫总科（如 、 ）、无形体科（如 、 ）、锥虫科（如 、 ）、 、 以及血源性 的DNA。总体而言，18只狗（12%）的样本检测出至少一种病原体呈阳性。 （6%）是最常见的血液寄生虫，其次是 （4%）。 （0.6%）和 （0.6%）各有一个阳性样本。此外，确认有一例 与基利菲 的混合感染（0.67%）。一般来说，尼日利亚西南部这组家养犬样本中媒介传播病原体的流行率低于该国先前的研究以及非洲其他地区的总体水平。这导致人们推测，首先，确切的地理位置对媒介传播疾病的发病率有重大影响，其次，狗是否有家养并且因此定期在兽医诊所检查似乎也有影响。这项研究应提高人们对常规健康检查、蜱虫和蚊虫预防以及管理良好的传染病控制计划对于预防犬类媒介传播疾病重要性的认识。
