Bartlett R H, Morris A H, Fairley H B, Hirsch R, O'Connor N, Pontoppidan H
Chest. 1986 May;89(5):684-9. doi: 10.1378/chest.89.5.684.
A prospective study of acute hypoxic respiratory failure was carried out by nine centers in a collaborative NIH study from 1 September 1975 to 1 March 1977. Serious hypoxic respiratory failure was defined in 713 patients by the presence of (1) endotracheal intubation and positive airway pressure for at least 24 hours, and (2) the administration of at least 50 percent oxygen. The 490 patients between 12 to 65 years of age had a mortality of 61 percent. Mortality increased with increasing organ failure: one organ system failure (lung only) 40 percent; two, 54 percent; three, 72 percent; four, 84 percent, five, 100 percent. Only 103 patients died with isolated lung failure, whereas 353 died of a combination of lung and other organ failures. Both the overall mortality (66 percent) and the mortality of those with only isolated lung failure (40 percent) were much higher than anticipated for the selection criteria.
1975年9月1日至1977年3月1日，9个中心在美国国立卫生研究院的一项合作研究中对急性低氧性呼吸衰竭进行了一项前瞻性研究。713例患者被定义为严重低氧性呼吸衰竭，其标准为：（1）气管插管并进行至少24小时的气道正压通气；（2）吸氧浓度至少为50%。490例年龄在12至65岁之间的患者死亡率为61%。死亡率随器官衰竭数量的增加而上升：一个器官系统衰竭（仅肺部）为40%；两个器官系统衰竭为54%；三个器官系统衰竭为72%；四个器官系统衰竭为84%；五个器官系统衰竭为100%。只有103例患者死于单纯的肺部衰竭，而353例死于肺部和其他器官衰竭的组合。总体死亡率（66%）和仅患有单纯肺部衰竭患者的死亡率（40%）均远高于根据入选标准预期的死亡率。
