Li Jiachen, Liu Yuanyuan, Gao Yingxi, Li Xin, Gong Yan
School of Materials Design and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
Polymers (Basel). 2023 Mar 10;15(6):1394. doi: 10.3390/polym15061394.
Microplastic pollution has become a global environmental problem. Textile microplastics are an important component of microplastic pollution, but little is known about their contamination in the industrial environment. The lack of standardized methods for detecting and quantifying textile microplastics is a major obstacle to determining the risks they pose to the natural environment. This study systematically examines the pretreatment options for the extraction of microplastics from printing and dyeing wastewater. The effectiveness of potassium hydroxide, nitric acid-hydrogen peroxide mixed solution, hydrogen peroxide, and Fenton's reagent for the removal of organic matter from textile wastewater is compared. Three textile microplastics, polyethylene terephthalate, polyamide, and polyurethane, are studied. The effects of the digestion treatment on the physicochemical properties of textile microplastics are characterized. The separation efficiency of sodium chloride, zinc chloride, sodium bromide, sodium iodide, and sodium chloride-sodium iodide mixed solution on the textile microplastics is tested. The results showed that Fenton's reagent achieved a 78% removal rate of organic matter from printing and dyeing wastewater. Meanwhile, it has less of an effect on the physicochemical properties of textile microplastics after digestion and is the best reagent for digestion. The zinc chloride solution achieved a 90% recovery for separating textile microplastics with good reproducibility. It does not affect the subsequent characterization analysis after separation and is the best solution for density separation.
微塑料污染已成为一个全球性的环境问题。纺织微塑料是微塑料污染的一个重要组成部分，但人们对其在工业环境中的污染情况知之甚少。缺乏检测和量化纺织微塑料的标准化方法是确定它们对自然环境所构成风险的一个主要障碍。本研究系统地考察了从印染废水中提取微塑料的预处理方法。比较了氢氧化钾、硝酸 - 过氧化氢混合溶液、过氧化氢和芬顿试剂去除纺织废水中有机物的效果。研究了三种纺织微塑料，聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯、聚酰胺和聚氨酯。表征了消化处理对纺织微塑料物理化学性质的影响。测试了氯化钠、氯化锌、溴化钠、碘化钠以及氯化钠 - 碘化钠混合溶液对纺织微塑料的分离效率。结果表明，芬顿试剂对印染废水中有机物的去除率达到78%。同时，它对消化后纺织微塑料的物理化学性质影响较小，是最佳的消化试剂。氯化锌溶液对纺织微塑料的分离回收率达到90%，重现性良好。分离后不影响后续的表征分析，是密度分离的最佳溶液。
