Hornak Jaroslav, Černohous Jakub, Prosr Pavel, Rous Pavel, Trnka Pavel, Baran Anton, Hardoň Štefan
Department of Materials and Technology, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of West Bohemia, 306 14 Pilsen, Czech Republic.
Department of Physics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, Technical University of Košice, Park Komenského 2, 042 00 Košice, Slovakia.
Polymers (Basel). 2023 Mar 20;15(6):1532. doi: 10.3390/polym15061532.
Recently, polyurethanes (PURs) have become a very promising group of materials with considerable utilization and innovation potential. This work presents a comprehensive analysis of the changes in material properties important for PUR applications in the electrical industry due to the incorporation of magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles at different weight ratios. From the results of the investigations carried out, it is evident that the incorporation of MgO improves the volume (by up to +0.5 order of magnitude) and surface (+1 order of magnitude) resistivities, reduces the dielectric losses at higher temperatures (-62%), improves the thermal stability of the material, and slows the decomposition reaction of polyurethane at specific temperatures (+30 °C). In contrast, the incorporation of MgO results in a slight decrease in the dielectric strength (-15%) and a significant decrease in the mechanical strength (-37%).
最近，聚氨酯（PURs）已成为一类非常有前景的材料，具有可观的利用和创新潜力。这项工作全面分析了由于以不同重量比掺入氧化镁（MgO）纳米颗粒而导致的对聚氨酯在电气工业应用中重要的材料性能变化。从所进行的研究结果来看，很明显，掺入MgO可提高体积电阻率（高达+0.5个数量级）和表面电阻率（+1个数量级），降低较高温度下的介电损耗（-62%），提高材料的热稳定性，并在特定温度下减缓聚氨酯的分解反应（+30°C）。相比之下，掺入MgO会导致介电强度略有下降（-15%）和机械强度显著下降（-37%）。
