College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Liutai Road 1166, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 610000, China.
Department of Biomedicine, Høegh-Guldbergs Gade 10, Building 1115, DK-8000, Aarhus C, Denmark.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2023 May;30(23):63323-63334. doi: 10.1007/s11356-023-26571-8. Epub 2023 Mar 29.
The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has spread at an unprecedented rate since late 2019, leading to the global COVID-19 pandemic. During the pandemic, being able to detect SARS-CoV-2 in human populations with high coverage quickly is a huge challenge. As SARS-CoV-2 is excreted in human excreta and thus exposed to the aqueous environment through sewers, the goal is to develop an ideal, non-invasive, cost-effective epidemiological method for detecting SARS-CoV-2. Wastewater surveillance has gained widespread interest and is increasingly being investigated as an effective early warning tool for monitoring the spread and evolution of the virus. This review emphasizes important findings on SARS-CoV-2 wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) in different continents and techniques used to detect SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater during the period 2020-2022. The results show that WBE is a valuable population-level method for monitoring SARS-CoV-2 and is a valuable early warning alert. It can assist policymakers in formulating relevant policies to avoid the negative impacts of early or delayed action. Such strategy can also help avoid unnecessary wastage of medical resources, rationalize vaccine distribution, assist early detection, and contain large-scale outbreaks.
自 2019 年底以来，新型冠状病毒 SARS-CoV-2 以空前的速度传播，导致了全球 COVID-19 大流行。在大流行期间，能够快速、全面地检测人群中的 SARS-CoV-2 是一个巨大的挑战。由于 SARS-CoV-2 存在于人体排泄物中，并通过污水系统排放到水环境中，因此目标是开发一种理想的、非侵入性的、具有成本效益的流行病学方法来检测 SARS-CoV-2。污水监测已引起广泛关注，并越来越多地被作为监测病毒传播和演变的有效早期预警工具进行研究。本综述强调了不同大洲 SARS-CoV-2 基于污水的流行病学（WBE）的重要发现，以及在 2020-2022 年期间用于检测污水中 SARS-CoV-2 的技术。结果表明，WBE 是监测 SARS-CoV-2 的一种有价值的人群水平方法，是一种有价值的早期预警警报。它可以帮助决策者制定相关政策，避免行动过早或过晚带来的负面影响。这种策略还可以帮助避免医疗资源的不必要浪费，合理分配疫苗，协助早期检测，并遏制大规模疫情爆发。
