van den Broeke Lieselotte R, Ebbelaar Chiel F, Hayes Donal P, Bousema Mente T, Blokx Willeke A M
UMC Utrecht, afd. Dermatologie, Utrecht.
Contact: Lieselotte R. van den Broeke (
Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 2023 Mar 29;167:D7095.
The WHO classification of melanocytic skin tumours published in 2018 describes a new classification with nine different pathways based on molecular driver mutations, localization, clinical context and solar damage. The dichotomous concept of benign (nevus) versus malignant (melanoma) is replaced by a gradual concept starting with a benign nevus with progression into low to high grade intermediate melanocytic lesions, called melanocytoma, and ending at melanoma. The current European recommendation is (re-)excision with 2-5mm margin of low grade melanocytoma and with 5-10mm margin of high grade melanocytoma. Low grade melanocytoma needs no follow-up. For high grade melanocytoma a follow-up for at least 5 years every 6 months is recommended. Routine sentinel node procedure is not indicated. If diagnosis melanoma cannot be ruled out the lesions have to be treated as melanoma. Correct classification of a melanocytoma is a diagnostic challenge, but of high importance for therapeutic choices and prognosis.
2018年发布的世界卫生组织黑色素细胞皮肤肿瘤分类描述了一种基于分子驱动突变、定位、临床背景和日光损伤的新分类,包含九条不同途径。良性(痣)与恶性(黑色素瘤)的二分概念被一种渐进概念所取代,始于良性痣,进展为低级别至高级别中间黑色素细胞病变,即黑素细胞瘤,最终发展为黑色素瘤。目前欧洲的建议是,低级别黑素细胞瘤切除边缘为2至5毫米,高级别黑素细胞瘤切除边缘为5至10毫米。低级别黑素细胞瘤无需随访。对于高级别黑素细胞瘤,建议每6个月进行至少5年的随访。不建议进行常规前哨淋巴结手术。如果不能排除黑色素瘤诊断,则这些病变必须按黑色素瘤治疗。黑素细胞瘤的正确分类是一项诊断挑战,但对治疗选择和预后非常重要。