Dow Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan.
Dow Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan.
Curr Probl Cardiol. 2023 Jul;48(7):101725. doi: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2023.101725. Epub 2023 Mar 27.
Literature shows evidence of racial and gender biases in many sub-specialties of medicine including cardiology. Racial, ethnic, and gender disparities exist along the path to cardiology residency, beginning as early as medical school admissions. Approximately 65.62% White, 4.71% Black, 18.06% Asian, and 8.86% Hispanic are cardiologists, while there are a total of 60.1% White, 12.2% Black, 5.6% Asian, and 18.5% Hispanic people in the United States in 2019, showing evident underrepresentation. Gender disparities have an inevitable role in the lack of a diverse cardiovascular workforce. According to a recent study, only 13% of practicing cardiologists in the United States are women, even though the female population in the United States is 50.52% as compared to 49.48% of men. These disparities led to under-represented physicians earning less than their similarly qualified counterparts, decreased equity, increased workplace harassment, and also results in patients facing unconscious bias from their physicians leading to deteriorated clinical outcomes. Implications in the field of research include the under-representation of minorities and the female population despite the increased burden of cardiovascular disease they face. However, efforts are underway to eradicate the disparities that exist in cardiology. This paper aims to increase awareness regarding the issue and inform future policies with the goal of encouraging underrepresented communities to join the cardiology workforce.
文献表明，医学的许多亚专业领域，包括心脏病学，都存在种族和性别偏见。从医学院招生开始，在心脏病学住院医师培训的道路上就存在着种族、民族和性别差异。大约 65.62%的心脏病学家是白人，4.71%是黑人，18.06%是亚洲人，8.86%是西班牙裔，而 2019 年美国总共有 60.1%是白人，12.2%是黑人，5.6%是亚洲人，18.5%是西班牙裔，明显代表性不足。性别差异在缺乏多样化的心血管劳动力中必然起着作用。根据最近的一项研究，在美国，只有 13%的执业心脏病学家是女性，尽管美国女性人口占 50.52%，而男性人口占 49.48%。这些差异导致代表性不足的医生收入低于同等资格的同行，股权减少，工作场所骚扰增加，也导致患者面临医生的无意识偏见，导致临床结果恶化。研究领域的影响包括少数族裔和女性人口的代表性不足，尽管他们面临着心血管疾病负担的增加。然而，正在努力消除心脏病学中存在的差异。本文旨在提高人们对这一问题的认识，并为未来的政策提供信息，以鼓励代表性不足的社区加入心脏病学工作队伍。
