Sharma Neha, Desai Heena R, Chaudhary Anil, Shrivastava Ajit K, Hasan Anjum A
Department of Paediatrics, Banas Medical College and Research Centre, Palanpur, Gujarat, India.
Department of Paediatrics, General Hospital, Siddhpur, Gujarat, India.
J Family Med Prim Care. 2022 Nov;11(11):7163-7167. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_960_22. Epub 2022 Dec 16.
A diphtheria outbreak occurred in Banaskantha district in the northern part of Gujarat in 2019-2020. This study was undertaken to study and generate information on the resurgence of the disease in this region and to generate information regarding the status of vaccination in this region and what strategies can be adopted to avoid re-emergence of the disease in the future.
This is a hospital-based, retrospective, descriptive study done on patients of diphtheria who were admitted in Banas Medical College and Research Institute, Palanpur from September 2019 to January 2020. Throat swab was taken from all the patients and information regarding symptoms, vaccination, and demographic characteristic was collected. Treatment in the form of ADS, injection crystalline penicillin/erythromycin and other supportive treatment was given.
Out of 188 patients, 27 patients (14.36%) were less than 5 years of age, 118 patients (62.76%) and 38 patients (20.21%) were of age group 5-10 and 11-18 years, respectively. Total of five patients (2.66%) were of age more than 18 years. Out of 188 patients, 102 (54.25%) were males and 86 patients (45.74%) were females. All the patients (188) were found to be unvaccinated. Among 188 throat swabs that were tested, 21 samples (11.17%) were found to be culture positive for . Antidiphtheric serum was given in 181 patients (96.27%) according to the requirement. Out of 188 patients, 155 patients (82.44%) improved with treatment and were discharged. Total of 23 patients (12.23%) were referred to higher center for tracheostomy and for management of other complications. Six patients (3.19%) left against medical advice and four patients (2.12%) expired despite all measures taken.
Diphtheria is a disease that can easily be prevented by vaccination. Our study highlights need to increase awareness about vaccination among people of Banaskatha district and all measures should be taken to give full vaccination to children less than 5 years of age and booster vaccination should be encouraged in adolescents and adults so that future resurgence of disease can be prevented.
2019 - 2020年，古吉拉特邦北部的巴纳斯坎塔区发生了白喉疫情。开展本研究旨在了解该地区白喉疫情的复发情况，获取该地区疫苗接种状况的信息，并探讨可采取哪些策略来避免该病未来再次出现。
这是一项基于医院的回顾性描述性研究，研究对象为2019年9月至2020年1月期间在帕兰普尔的巴纳斯医学院和研究所住院的白喉患者。对所有患者采集咽拭子，并收集有关症状、疫苗接种和人口统计学特征的信息。给予抗毒素血清、注射结晶青霉素/红霉素及其他支持性治疗。
188例患者中，27例（14.36%）年龄小于5岁，118例（62.76%）年龄在5 - 10岁，38例（20.21%）年龄在11 - 18岁。5例（2.66%）患者年龄超过18岁。188例患者中，102例（54.25%）为男性，86例（45.74%）为女性。所有患者（188例）均未接种疫苗。在检测的188份咽拭子中，21份样本（11.17%）培养出阳性。根据需要，181例患者（96.27%）接受了抗白喉血清治疗。188例患者中，155例（82.44%）经治疗后病情好转并出院。共有23例患者（12.23%）被转诊至上级中心进行气管切开术及其他并发症的治疗。6例患者（3.19%）自动出院，4例患者（2.12%）尽管采取了所有措施仍死亡。
白喉是一种可通过疫苗接种轻易预防的疾病。我们的研究强调需要提高巴纳斯坎塔区居民对疫苗接种的认识，应采取一切措施为5岁以下儿童进行全程疫苗接种，并鼓励青少年和成年人接种加强针，以预防该病未来再次出现。
