Wegmann T, Baerlocher K, Geel O, Krech U, Schmid E, Flury F, Krähenmann P, Thürlimann R, Wegmann A
Schweiz Med Wochenschr. 1977 Apr 9;107(14):455-64.
A diphtheria epidemic in the eastern part of Switzerland in 1974 and the measures which were taken for its management and eradication are described. In particular it is pointed out that at present diphtheria displays atypical clinical symptoms in Europe, a fact that renders the diagnosis very difficult in many cases. Therefore, it is important to perform a throat swab in every patient with suspected diphtheria; it is also necessary to explicitly require a search for C. diphtheriae. The early recognition and early treatment of diphtheria with penicillin or erythromycin is of the utmost importance in order to avoid neurological and cardiac complications. With regard to the management and eradication of a diphtheria epidemic, the most important measures are rapid antibiotic protection of all contacts and a widespread immunization of the population. Vaccination of adults with a DiTe vaccine containing a reduced amount of Di-toxoid is recommanded.
描述了1974年瑞士东部的白喉疫情以及为控制和根除该疫情所采取的措施。特别指出，目前白喉在欧洲表现出非典型临床症状，这一事实使得在许多病例中诊断非常困难。因此，对每例疑似白喉患者进行咽拭子检查很重要；明确要求查找白喉杆菌也很有必要。为避免神经和心脏并发症，对白喉尽早用青霉素或红霉素进行识别和治疗至关重要。关于白喉疫情的控制和根除，最重要的措施是对所有接触者迅速进行抗生素预防以及广泛开展人群免疫。建议用含减量白喉类毒素的DiTe疫苗对成年人进行接种。
