Tsukahara Yuka, Kamada Hiroshi, Torii Suguru, Yamamoto Hiroshi, Yamasawa Fumihiro
Department of Sports Medicine, Tokyo Women's College of Physical Education, Kunitachi, Japan.
Medical Committee, Japan Association of Athletics Federations (JAAF), Tokyo, Japan.
Open Access J Sports Med. 2023 Mar 23;14:9-19. doi: 10.2147/OAJSM.S403703. eCollection 2023.
Little is known regarding medical knowledge pertaining to female athletes among track and field coaches and their interactions with female athletes regarding medical problems.
Participants were track and field coaches (369 males and 43 females) with Japan Sport Association certification and they completed an anonymous survey on their knowledge of medical problems pertinent to female athletes including whether the coaches knew about the female athlete triad and relative energy deficiency in sports; their feelings about female athletes' use of contraceptive pills; whether they speak about menses with the female athletes; and whether they have a gynecologist for consultation regarding their medical problems.
Females coaches were significantly more likely to be aware of the triad (odds ratio (OR), 3.44; = 0.003); to have access to a physician able to address the gynecological problems of female athletes (OR, 9.22; < 0.001); and to talk to their female athletes about menses (OR, 2.30; = 0.015) than their male counterparts. Coaches with more experience tended to be aware of the triad and relative energy deficiency in sports compared with those with ≤5 years of experience.
Females coaches are aware of the triad, talk about menses with their female athletes, and have access to a physician who can address gynecological problems with compared to male counterparts. Educating all coaches on these problems is essential to provide adequate support to female athletes.
关于田径教练所掌握的与女运动员相关的医学知识，以及他们在医疗问题上与女运动员的互动情况，目前所知甚少。
参与者为获得日本体育协会认证的田径教练（369名男性和43名女性），他们完成了一项关于其对女运动员相关医疗问题知识的匿名调查，包括教练是否了解女运动员三联征和运动中的相对能量缺乏；他们对女运动员服用避孕药的看法；他们是否与女运动员谈论月经；以及他们是否有妇科医生可供咨询其医疗问题。
与男性教练相比，女性教练更有可能了解三联征（优势比（OR），3.44；P = 0.003）；有能够解决女运动员妇科问题的医生可供咨询（OR，9.22；P < 0.001）；并且与女运动员谈论月经（OR，2.30；P = 0.015）。与经验≤5年的教练相比，经验更丰富的教练更倾向于了解三联征和运动中的相对能量缺乏。
与男性教练相比，女性教练了解三联征，与女运动员谈论月经，并且有能够解决妇科问题的医生可供咨询。对所有教练进行这些问题的教育对于为女运动员提供充分支持至关重要。
