Colopi Ambra, Fuda Serena, Santi Samuele, Onorato Angelo, Cesarini Valeriana, Salvati Maurizio, Balistreri Carmela Rita, Dolci Susanna, Guida Eugenia
Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
Department of Biomedicine, Institute of Translational Pharmacology-CNR, Rome, Italy.
Mech Ageing Dev. 2023 Apr;211:111801. doi: 10.1016/j.mad.2023.111801. Epub 2023 Mar 28.
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary malignant brain tumor in adults, while its frequency in pediatric patients is 10-15%. For this reason, age is considered one of the major risk factors for the development of GBM, as it correlates with cellular aging phenomena involving glial cells and favoring the process of tumor transformation. Gender differences have been also identified, as the incidence of GBM is higher in males than in females, coupled with a worse outcome. In this review, we analyze age- and gender- dependent differences in GBM onset, mutational landscape, clinical manifestations, and survival, according to the literature of the last 20 years, focusing on the major risk factors involved in tumor development and on the mutations and gene alterations most frequently found in adult vs young patients and in males vs females. We then highlight the impact of age and gender on clinical manifestations and tumor localization and their involvement in the time of diagnosis and in determining the tumor prognostic value.
胶质母细胞瘤（GBM）是成人中最常见的原发性恶性脑肿瘤，而在儿科患者中的发病率为10%-15%。因此，年龄被认为是GBM发生的主要风险因素之一，因为它与涉及神经胶质细胞的细胞衰老现象相关，并有利于肿瘤转化过程。也已确定存在性别差异，因为GBM的发病率男性高于女性，且预后更差。在本综述中，我们根据过去20年的文献，分析GBM发病、突变图谱、临床表现和生存率方面的年龄和性别依赖性差异，重点关注肿瘤发生所涉及的主要风险因素以及成年与年轻患者、男性与女性中最常发现的突变和基因改变。然后，我们强调年龄和性别对临床表现和肿瘤定位的影响，以及它们在诊断时间和确定肿瘤预后价值方面的作用。
