Xie Zhenhui, Zhang Xiyang, Wu Jiaxue, Wu Yuping
School of Marine Sciences, Zhuhai Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Pearl River Estuary Marine Ecosystem Research Station, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, China.
School of Marine Sciences, Zhuhai Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Pearl River Estuary Marine Ecosystem Research Station, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2023 Jun 10;876:163094. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163094. Epub 2023 Mar 28.
Food has consistently been shown to be an important source of exposure to environmental pollutants, drawing attention to the health risks of pollutants in marine mammals with high daily food intake. Here, the dietary exposure risks posed to the Indo-Pacific humpback dolphins from the Pearl River Estuary (PRE), China, by fourteen phthalate metabolites (mPAEs) were evaluated for the first time. On the basis of liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis, the levels of ∑mPAEs in ten main species of prey fish (n = 120) of dolphins ranged from 103.0 to 444.5 ng/g wet weight (ww), among which Bombay duck contained a significantly higher body burden of ∑mPAEs than other prey species. Phthalic acid (PA), monooctyl phthalate (MnOP), monononyl phthalate (MNP), monoethyl phthalate (MEP), monoethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP), mono (5-carboxy-2-ethylpentyl) phthalate (MECPP), monobutyl phthalate (MBP), and monoisobutyl phthalate (MiBP) all had a trophic magnification factor (TMF) greater than unity, indicating the biomagnification potential of these mPAEs in the marine ecosystem of the PRE. A dietary exposure assessment based on the adjusted reference dose values of phthalates (PAEs) showed that bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and dibutyl phthalate (DBP) may pose a high (HQ > 1) and medium (0.01 < HQ < 1) risk to the dolphin adults and juveniles, respectively. Our results highlight the potential health risks of mPAEs to marine mammals through dietary routes.
食物一直被证明是接触环境污染物的重要来源，这使得人们关注到海洋哺乳动物因每日食物摄入量高而面临的污染物健康风险。在此，首次评估了14种邻苯二甲酸酯代谢物（mPAEs）对中国珠江口（PRE）中华白海豚造成的膳食暴露风险。基于液相色谱-质谱联用（LC-MS/MS）分析，海豚的10种主要猎物鱼类（n = 120）中∑mPAEs的含量范围为103.0至444.5纳克/克湿重（ww），其中龙头鱼体内的∑mPAEs含量显著高于其他猎物物种。邻苯二甲酸（PA）、邻苯二甲酸单辛酯（MnOP）、邻苯二甲酸单壬酯（MNP）、邻苯二甲酸单乙酯（MEP）、邻苯二甲酸单（2-乙基己基）酯（MEHP）、邻苯二甲酸单（5-羧基-2-乙基戊基）酯（MECPP）、邻苯二甲酸单丁酯（MBP）和邻苯二甲酸单异丁酯（MiBP）的营养放大因子（TMF）均大于1，表明这些mPAEs在珠江口海洋生态系统中具有生物放大潜力。基于邻苯二甲酸酯（PAEs）调整后的参考剂量值进行的膳食暴露评估表明，邻苯二甲酸二（2-乙基己基）酯（DEHP）和邻苯二甲酸二丁酯（DBP）可能分别对成年和幼年海豚构成高风险（HQ > 1）和中风险（0.01 < HQ < 1）。我们的研究结果凸显了mPAEs通过膳食途径对海洋哺乳动物造成的潜在健康风险。
