Lamb H R, Mills M J
Hosp Community Psychiatry. 1986 May;37(5):475-80. doi: 10.1176/ps.37.5.475.
Three areas of legal change have had major effects on the chronic mentally ill: substantive and procedural alterations in civil commitment laws, the limited implementation of a constitutionally based right to treatment, and the partial recognition of a right to refuse treatment. After discussing these changes, the authors make recommendations they believe would be beneficial. Revised civil commitment laws should allow greater access to both emergency and ongoing involuntary treatment, including reintroduction of a need-for-treatment standard and use of informal rules of evidence. The right to treatment should be implemented beginning with established constitutional minimums of providing reasonable care and safety, reasonably nonrestrictive confinement, and treatment to prevent clinical deterioration. Legislation should permit medication of involuntarily committed patients without their consent.
民事强制住院法律在实体和程序上的改变、基于宪法的治疗权的有限实施，以及对拒绝治疗权的部分承认。在讨论了这些变化之后，作者提出了他们认为会有益的建议。修订后的民事强制住院法律应允许更广泛地获得紧急和持续的非自愿治疗，包括重新引入治疗必要性标准和采用非正式证据规则。治疗权的实施应从既定的宪法最低要求开始，即提供合理的护理和安全、合理的非限制性监禁，以及防止临床恶化的治疗。立法应允许在未经非自愿住院患者同意的情况下对其进行药物治疗。
