Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.
Department of Psychological Sciences, University of California, Merced, CA, USA.
Ann Behav Med. 2023 Apr 22;57(5):368-379. doi: 10.1093/abm/kaac043.
A variety of intervention strategies to improve Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination rates in adults exist; however, they have shown varying efficacy and inconsistent outcomes.
This meta-analysis tested the efficacy of HPV vaccination interventions for adults in increasing vaccine intentions, rates of initiation of the vaccine series, and completion rates. The study also tested potential moderators (intervention strategy, theory-based versus nontheory-based interventions, race/ethnicity, gender, study quality) of relationships between intervention receipt and vaccine intentions.
Electronic databases (PsychINFO, Web of Science, Scopus, EBSCO, JSTOR, PubMed) were searched for English-language articles published up to September 2021. Eligible studies included outcomes of vaccine intentions, receipt of the first dose, or vaccine series completion and included intervention and comparison conditions.
The search yielded 38 eligible studies reporting 78 effect sizes. Random effects, multilevel, meta-analytic models revealed a significant, small effect of interventions on vaccine intentions (OR = 0.36, 95% CI [0.07, 0.65]); a nonsignificant effect on vaccine initiation rates (OR = 1.29; 95% CI [0.87, 1.91]); and significant effects on vaccine completion rates (OR = 1.58, 95% CI [1.18, 2.11]). Race/ethnicity, gender, intervention strategy, theory-based interventions, and study quality did not moderate the intervention effects on vaccine intentions.
Evidence supports the efficacy of interventions to increase intentions to receive the HPV vaccine and completion of the HPV vaccine series in adults. However, evidence did not support the efficacy of interventions to increase HPV vaccine initiation. Findings highlight directions for developing more efficacious HPV vaccine interventions for adults.
有多种干预策略可提高成年人的人乳头瘤病毒 (HPV) 疫苗接种率，但这些策略的效果不一，结果也不一致。
本荟萃分析检验了针对成年人的 HPV 疫苗接种干预措施在增加疫苗接种意愿、疫苗系列接种启动率和完成率方面的效果。该研究还检验了干预措施的接受情况与疫苗接种意愿之间关系的潜在调节因素（干预策略、基于理论的干预措施与非基于理论的干预措施、种族/民族、性别、研究质量）。
检索了英文数据库（PsychINFO、Web of Science、Scopus、EBSCO、JSTOR、PubMed），检索截至 2021 年 9 月发表的文章。纳入的研究报告了疫苗接种意愿、第一剂接种或疫苗系列完成的结果，并包括干预和对照条件。
搜索结果产生了 38 项符合条件的研究，报告了 78 个效应量。随机效应、多层次、荟萃分析模型显示，干预措施对疫苗接种意愿有显著的小效应（OR=0.36，95%CI[0.07，0.65]）；对疫苗接种启动率无显著影响（OR=1.29；95%CI[0.87，1.91]）；对疫苗完成率有显著影响（OR=1.58，95%CI[1.18，2.11]）。种族/民族、性别、干预策略、基于理论的干预措施和研究质量并未调节干预措施对疫苗接种意愿的影响。
有证据支持干预措施可提高成年人接种 HPV 疫苗的意愿和完成 HPV 疫苗系列接种的效果。但是，干预措施对增加 HPV 疫苗接种启动率的效果没有得到支持。研究结果强调了为成年人开发更有效的 HPV 疫苗干预措施的方向。
