Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Department of Urology, New York, NY.
Department of Data Management & Statistical Analysis, American Urological Association, Linthicum, MD.
Urology. 2023 Jun;176:74-78. doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2023.03.024. Epub 2023 Mar 30.
To assess rates of urologist-reported differential treatment in practice and practice limitations based on characteristics of urologists... identity.
The 2021 AUA Census samples were linked with the United States (US) practicing urologist population file and assigned proper sample weighting to adjust for non-response bias. Responses to 2 questions of the Census related to (1) (negative) differential treatment experienced in practice and (2) limitations in patients/diagnoses seen in practice due to different aspects of respondent...s identity were evaluated. Responses were stratified based on self-reported gender (female vs male) and race (White vs non-White); results were compared using a chi-squared test.
A total of 1742 urologists, representing 13,790 practicing US urologists through post-stratified weighting, responded to the Census. Overall, amongst those who answered the relevant questions, 16.3% reported having experienced differential treatment in practice due to their identity and 6.1% reported being limited in patients/diagnoses seen in practice due to their identity. Women were more likely than men to have experienced differential treatment (75.0% vs.ß10.2%, P.ß<.ß.001) and to be limited in patients/diagnoses seen in practice (27.0% vs.ß3.7%, P.ß<.ß.001). Similarly, non-White respondents were more likely than White urologists to both have experienced differential treatment (30.4% vs.ß14.1%, P.ß<.ß.001) and to be limited in patients/diagnoses seen in practice (12.8% vs.ß5.0%, P.ß<.ß.001).
Female and non-White urologists are more likely to experience differential treatment in their practice and limitations in the scope of their practice. Further studies are needed to characterize these experiences and explore the etiologies of these differences.
评估泌尿科医生报告的实践中差异化治疗的比率以及基于泌尿科医生身份特征的实践限制。
2021 年 AUA 普查样本与美国（US）执业泌尿科医生人群档案相关联，并分配适当的样本权重以调整无应答偏差。对普查中与（1）（负面）实践中经历的差异化治疗和（2）由于受访者身份的不同方面而导致实践中看到的患者/诊断受到限制的两个问题的回答进行评估。根据自我报告的性别（女性与男性）和种族（白人与非白人）对回答进行分层；使用卡方检验比较结果。
共有 1742 名泌尿科医生通过后分层加权代表了 13790 名美国执业泌尿科医生，对普查做出了回应。总的来说，在回答相关问题的人群中，16.3%的人报告由于身份原因在实践中经历了差异化治疗，6.1%的人报告由于身份原因在实践中看到的患者/诊断受到限制。女性比男性更有可能经历差异化治疗（75.0%比ß10.2%，P.ß<.ß.001）和在实践中看到的患者/诊断受到限制（27.0%比ß3.7%，P.ß<.ß.001）。同样，非白人受访者比白人泌尿科医生更有可能既经历差异化治疗（30.4%比ß14.1%，P.ß<.ß.001），又在实践中看到的患者/诊断受到限制（12.8%比ß5.0%，P.ß<.ß.001）。
女性和非白人泌尿科医生更有可能在实践中经历差异化治疗，并且在实践范围上受到限制。需要进一步研究来描述这些经历并探讨这些差异的原因。
