Department of Environmental Science, School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China.
Department of Environmental Science, School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China.
Environ Pollut. 2023 Jun 15;327:121523. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121523. Epub 2023 Mar 30.
A comprehensive analysis of content, pollution characteristics, health hazard, distribution, and source of some broadly concerned potentially toxic elements (PTEs, Pb, V, Mn, Cr, Ba, Zn, Ni, and Cu) in surface fine dust with particle size <63 μm (SFD63) from residence communities in Xi'an, a representative valley industrial city, was conducted in this research to analyze the quality of environment and influencing factors of valley industrial cities in China. The average contents of Ba (794.1 mg kg), Cu (61.3 mg kg), Pb (99.9 mg kg), Zn (408.1 mg kg), Cr (110.0 mg kg), and Ni (33.4 mg kg) in SFD63 of Xi'an residence communities surpassed their background contents of local soil. The high enrichment-value regions of PTEs were chiefly located in the regions with high traffic flow, high population density, and areas around industries. Zn and Pb had moderate enrichment, and the overall pollution level of PTEs was unpolluted-to-moderate and moderate pollution. Three source categories (including natural geogenic source, industrial anthropogenic source, and mixed anthropogenic source of transportation, residential activities, and construction) were identified as the predominant sources for the PTEs pollution in SFD63, with the contribution levels of 29.9%, 32.4%, and 37.7%, respectively. The assessment of health risks according to Monte Carlo simulation revealed that the 95% of the non-cancer risk of PTEs to residents (the elderly, working people, and children) was less than the threshold of 1, while the probability of cancer risk exceeding the acceptable threshold of 1E-6 was 93.76% for children, 68.61% for the elderly, and 67.54% for working people. Industrial source was determined as priority pollution source and Cr was determined as priority pollutant, which should be concerned.
本研究对西安市居住社区粒径<63μm 的细颗粒物（SFD63）中一些广泛关注的潜在有毒元素（PTEs：Pb、V、Mn、Cr、Ba、Zn、Ni 和 Cu）的含量、污染特征、健康危害、分布和来源进行了全面分析，旨在分析中国山谷型工业城市的环境质量和影响因素。西安市居住社区 SFD63 中 Ba（794.1mg/kg）、Cu（61.3mg/kg）、Pb（99.9mg/kg）、Zn（408.1mg/kg）、Cr（110.0mg/kg）和 Ni（33.4mg/kg）的平均含量超过了当地土壤的背景含量。PTEs 的高富集区域主要位于交通流量大、人口密度高以及工业周边地区。Zn 和 Pb 具有中等富集，PTEs 的整体污染水平为无污染-中度污染和中度污染。天然地球化学源、工业人为源和交通、居住活动和建筑的混合人为源被确定为 SFD63 中 PTEs 污染的主要来源，其贡献率分别为 29.9%、32.4%和 37.7%。根据蒙特卡罗模拟进行的健康风险评估显示，95%的 PTEs 对居民（老年人、工作人群和儿童）的非致癌风险低于 1 的阈值，而儿童患癌症风险超过可接受阈值 1E-6 的概率为 93.76%，老年人为 68.61%，工作人群为 67.54%。工业源被确定为优先污染源，Cr 被确定为优先污染物，应予以关注。
