Dunn Matt, Becanova Jitka, Snook Jarod, Ruyle Bridger, Lohmann Rainer
Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, 215 South Ferry Rd, Narragansett, 02882 RI, USA.
Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
ACS ES T Water. 2023 Feb 10;3(2):332-341. doi: 10.1021/acsestwater.2c00384. Epub 2023 Jan 20.
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a group of 4000+ man-made compounds of great concern due to their environmental ubiquity and adverse effects. Despite a general interest, few reliable detection tools for integrative passive sampling of PFAS in water are available. A microporous polyethylene tube with a hydrophilic-lipophilic balance sorbent could serve as a flow-resistant passive sampler for PFAS. The tube's sampling rate, Rs, was predicted based on either partitioning and diffusion, or solely diffusion. At 15 °C, the laboratory measured Rs for perfluorohexanoic acid of 100+/-81 mL day were better predicted by a partitioning and diffusion model (48+/-1.8 mL day) across 10-60 cm s water flow speeds (15+/-4.2 mL day diffusion only). For perfluorohexane sulfonate, Rs at 15°C were similarly different (110+/-60 mL day measured, 120+/- 63 versus 12+/-3.4 mL day in respective models). Rs values from field deployments were in-between these estimates (46 +/-40 mL day for perfluorohexanoic acid). PFAS uptake was not different for previously biofouled membranes in the laboratory, suggesting the general applicability of the sampler in environmental conditions. This research demonstrates that the polyethylene tube's sampling rates are sensitive to the parameterization of the models used here and partitioning-derived values should be used.
全氟和多氟烷基物质（PFAS）是一组4000多种人造化合物，因其在环境中无处不在以及具有不利影响而备受关注。尽管人们普遍感兴趣，但用于水中PFAS综合被动采样的可靠检测工具却很少。带有亲水亲脂平衡吸附剂的微孔聚乙烯管可作为PFAS的抗流被动采样器。该管的采样率Rs是基于分配和扩散或仅基于扩散来预测的。在15°C时，实验室测得全氟己酸的Rs为100±81 mL/天，通过分配和扩散模型（48±1.8 mL/天）在10 - 60 cm/s的水流速度下预测效果更好（仅扩散时为15±4.2 mL/天）。对于全氟己烷磺酸，15°C时的Rs同样存在差异（实测值为110±60 mL/天，在各自模型中分别为120±63和12±3.4 mL/天）。现场部署的Rs值介于这些估计值之间（全氟己酸为46±40 mL/天）。在实验室中，先前被生物污染的膜对PFAS的吸收没有差异，这表明该采样器在环境条件下具有普遍适用性。这项研究表明，聚乙烯管的采样率对这里使用的模型参数化很敏感，应使用基于分配得出的值。
