Tereshko Lisa, Weiss Mary Jane, Harper Jill, Ross Robert K
Endicott College, Beverly, MA USA.
Melmark New England, Andover, MA USA.
Behav Anal Pract. 2022 May 25;16(1):232-250. doi: 10.1007/s40617-022-00717-5. eCollection 2023 Mar.
Identifying the maintaining contingencies of problem behavior can lead to effective treatment that reduces the occurrence of problem behavior and increases the potential for the occurrence of alternative behaviors. Many studies use descriptive assessments, but results vary in effectiveness and validity. Comparative research further supports the superior utility of analog functional analyses over descriptive assessments, but clinicians continue to report the consistent use of descriptive assessments in practice. Direct training on the recording of descriptive assessments as well as the process for interpreting the results are limited. The absence of research-based guidance leaves clinicians to interpret the results as they see fit rather than following best practice guidelines for this critical activity. This study examined the potential impact of direct training on several components of descriptive assessment: the recording of narrative antecedent-behavior-consequence data, interpretation of the data, and the selection of a function-based treatment. Implications for training and practice are reviewed.
识别问题行为的维持性偶然因素能够带来有效的治疗,从而减少问题行为的发生,并增加替代行为发生的可能性。许多研究采用描述性评估,但结果在有效性和效度方面存在差异。比较研究进一步支持了模拟功能分析相较于描述性评估具有更高的效用,但临床医生在实践中仍持续报告经常使用描述性评估。关于描述性评估记录以及结果解读过程的直接培训非常有限。缺乏基于研究的指导使得临床医生只能按照自己认为合适的方式来解读结果,而不是遵循这一关键活动的最佳实践指南。本研究考察了直接培训对描述性评估几个组成部分的潜在影响:叙述性的先行事件-行为-后果数据的记录、数据解读以及基于功能的治疗选择。同时对培训和实践的意义进行了综述。