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髋部骨折中不同角度固定装置的尖端-顶点距离比较

A Comparison of Tip-Apex Distance at Various Angles of Fixation Devices in Hip Fractures.

作者信息

Ali Mohammed, Al-Dadah Oday

机构信息

Trauma and Orthopaedics, South Tyneside District Hospital, South Shields, GBR.

Trauma and Orthopaedics, South Tyneside and Sunderland National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, South Shields, GBR.

出版信息

Cureus. 2023 Feb 28;15(2):e35576. doi: 10.7759/cureus.35576. eCollection 2023 Feb.

Abstract

Background Intertrochanteric neck of the femur (NOF) fractures are very common, and the majority are fixed using dynamic hip screws (DHS) or intramedullary (IM) nails with a fixed angle. The aim of this study was to assess which angle of fixation has a better tip-apex distance (TAD) on X-ray and lower complication rates. Methods We included patients with intertrochanteric hip fractures fixed using a DHS or an IM nail. We included patients who had complete radiological and clinical records and a minimum follow-up of 24 months. We measured the TAD and recorded the number of implant cutouts, fracture site nonunions, and periprosthetic fractures. Results A total of 107 patients were included, 35 IM nails and 72 DHS. There were four cases of implant cutouts within the DHS group and none in the IM nail group. All four cutout cases were fixed using 135° angle DHS, and two had TAD of more than 25 mm. Multivariable regression analysis revealed that the implant fixation device (p=0.002) and the angle of fixation (p<0.001) are the most important predictors of TAD. Conclusion Smaller angle (130° or 125°) fixation devices allow better positioning of the lag screw and consequently better TAD, which leads to a lower probability of implant cutout in patients undergoing fracture of the neck of the femur surgery.

摘要

背景 股骨转子间股骨颈(NOF)骨折非常常见,大多数采用动力髋螺钉(DHS)或带固定角度的髓内(IM)钉进行固定。本研究的目的是评估哪种固定角度在X射线上具有更好的尖顶距(TAD)以及更低的并发症发生率。方法 我们纳入了使用DHS或IM钉固定的转子间髋部骨折患者。我们纳入了具有完整放射学和临床记录且至少随访24个月的患者。我们测量了TAD并记录了植入物穿出、骨折部位不愈合和假体周围骨折的数量。结果 共纳入107例患者,35例使用IM钉,72例使用DHS。DHS组有4例植入物穿出,IM钉组无。所有4例穿出病例均使用135°角的DHS固定,其中2例TAD超过25 mm。多变量回归分析显示,植入物固定装置(p = 0.002)和固定角度(p < 0.001)是TAD的最重要预测因素。结论 较小角度(130°或125°)的固定装置可使拉力螺钉定位更好,从而TAD更佳,这导致股骨颈骨折手术患者植入物穿出的可能性更低。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8afc/10063235/7cc5d9744214/cureus-0015-00000035576-i01.jpg

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