Nicoletta Micalea, Panchuk Justina, Peralta-Seen Nicolás, Ferretti Nelson
Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semiárida (CERZOS-CONICET, UNS), Camino La Carrindanga Km. 7, Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina. E-mail:
Universidad Nacional de La Pampa, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Av. Uruguay 151, Santa Rosa, La Pampa, Argentina. E-mail:
Zool Stud. 2022 Nov 30;61:e62. doi: 10.6620/ZS.2022.61-62. eCollection 2022.
Paraje Tres Cerros is a low altitude hilly natural area surrounded by cattle fields and characterized by three isolated rocky formations of about 150-180 m a.s.l. located in the Corrientes province of Argentina. Their topographic and environmental conditions are unique across the whole Mesopotamian littoral of Argentina and, therefore, can be considered as a biogeographic island that hosts several endemic species of plants and animals. The lack of knowledge of the mygalomorph spider species of the area led us to conduct a field study at Paraje Tres Cerros with the objective of surveying these spiders. From this survey, we described two new endemic species, sp. nov. (Pycnothelidae) and sp. nov. (Theraphosidae); and we recorded for the first time in the Corrientes province. In addition, we described the sexual behavior of sp. nov. and sp. nov. for the first time. We presented distribution maps for the Argentinean species of , for the genus as well as for . sp. nov. constitutes the eighth known species of the genus in Argentina and according to its distribution is the only exclusive species recorded in the Corrientes province. Regarding its sexual behavior, we obtained one mating, which consisted in touches the female legs with legs I and II by the male, who starts the courtship by beating the female's cephalothorax and sternum with legs II and palps respectively. Then the male clasps with the first pair of legs between the palp base and chelicerae of the female and elevate her to reach the genital opening for the palpal insertions. sp. nov. is the third species described from Argentina with a new spermathecae shape with two additional elongated digitiform domes external to the inner receptacles. We obtained five matings for this species, two of which involved males contacting females without an evident courtship. For the remaining three, the males initiated courtship by performing a few quick body vibrations. All males achieved the typical copulation position observed in most mygalomorphs and made about 3 to 5 palpal insertions, with the exception of one case in which spiders lost equilibrium and separated from each other. The presence of at this area is based on one adult female, thus further campaigns to collect more specimens will lead us to confirm this record or to better elucidate its taxonomic identity.
三峰地区是一个低海拔的丘陵自然区域，周围是牧场，其特征是有三个孤立的岩石构造，海拔约150 - 180米，位于阿根廷的科连特斯省。在阿根廷整个美索不达米亚沿海地区，其地形和环境条件都是独一无二的，因此可被视为一个生物地理岛屿，栖息着多种动植物特有物种。由于对该地区的原蛛亚目蜘蛛种类缺乏了解，我们在三峰地区开展了一项实地研究，目的是调查这些蜘蛛。通过这次调查，我们描述了两个新的特有物种，Pycnothelidae科的[物种名1] sp. nov.和捕鸟蛛科的[物种名2] sp. nov.；并且我们首次在科连特斯省记录到了[物种名3]。此外，我们首次描述了[物种名1] sp. nov.和[物种名2] sp. nov.的性行为。我们展示了阿根廷[物种名4]属、[属名]属以及[物种名5] sp. nov.的分布图。[物种名5] sp. nov.是阿根廷已知的该属第八个物种，根据其分布情况，是科连特斯省唯一记录的特有物种。关于其性行为，我们观察到一次交配，雄性用第一和第二对腿触碰雌性的腿，雄性分别用第二对腿和触肢敲打雌性的头胸部和胸骨来开始求偶。然后雄性用第一对腿在雌性触肢基部和螯肢之间夹住雌性，并抬起雌性以到达生殖孔进行触肢插入。[物种名2] sp. nov.是从阿根廷描述的第三个具有新精囊形状的物种，在内部受精囊外部还有两个额外的细长指状穹顶。我们观察到该物种有五次交配，其中两次雄性与雌性接触时没有明显的求偶行为。对于其余三次，雄性通过快速的身体振动开始求偶。除了一次蜘蛛失去平衡并相互分开的情况外，所有雄性都达到了大多数原蛛亚目蜘蛛所观察到的典型交配姿势，并进行了大约3到5次触肢插入。该地区[物种名3]的存在仅基于一只成年雌性，因此进一步的采集更多标本的活动将使我们能够确认这一记录或更好地阐明其分类身份。
