Chiang Shou-Chun, Knapp Kyler S, Bai Sunhye, Cleveland H Harrington, Harris Kitty S
Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University.
Edna Bennett Pierce Prevention Research Center, The Pennsylvania State University.
Addict Res Theory. 2023;31(1):52-59. doi: 10.1080/16066359.2022.2102611. Epub 2022 Jul 29.
The role of negative affect in precipitating drug craving and relapse among young adults in recovery from substance use disorder (SUD) is well documented. However, most studies focus on negative affect as a trait-level congregate of multiple negative emotion states. The present study examined the associations between specific facets of negative affect, college stressors, and craving among young adult college students in SUD recovery. Data were drawn from a three-week daily diary study of 50 students participating in a collegiate recovery community at a U.S. university ( = 21.42, 76% males). At the within-person level, craving was higher on days when young adults experienced higher than usual anger, fear, and sadness, but not guilt. At the between-person level, individuals higher in agitation reported greater levels of craving on average. Moderation analyses further showed that college stressors heightened the within-person association between anger and craving. Findings demonstrate that negative affect is not monolithic and that its different aspects are uniquely associated with craving at both between- and within-person levels. Findings from this study could guide collegiate SUD recovery programs that wish to provide greater support to their members by helping them identify both individual- and time-specific relapse risks, such as generally high levels of agitation or days when anger, fear, or sadness are higher than usual for a particular individual. Our findings also suggest that future research should consider distinct features and implications of affective structures at between- and within-person levels, and how these may be uniquely associated with craving.
消极情绪在物质使用障碍（SUD）康复期的年轻成年人中引发药物渴望和复吸方面的作用已有充分记录。然而，大多数研究将消极情绪视为多种负面情绪状态的特质水平集合。本研究考察了消极情绪的特定方面、大学压力源与处于SUD康复期的年轻成年大学生的渴望之间的关联。数据来自一项对50名学生进行的为期三周的每日日记研究，这些学生参与了美国一所大学的大学康复社区（平均年龄 = 21.42岁，76%为男性）。在个体内部层面，当年轻成年人经历高于平常的愤怒、恐惧和悲伤（而非内疚）时，渴望程度更高。在个体之间层面，易激惹程度较高的个体平均报告的渴望水平更高。调节分析进一步表明，大学压力源加剧了愤怒与渴望在个体内部层面的关联。研究结果表明，消极情绪并非单一的，其不同方面在个体之间和个体内部层面与渴望有着独特的关联。本研究的结果可为大学SUD康复项目提供指导，这些项目希望通过帮助成员识别个体特定和时间特定的复吸风险，如普遍较高的易激惹程度或特定个体愤怒、恐惧或悲伤高于平常的日子，从而为其成员提供更多支持。我们的研究结果还表明，未来的研究应考虑个体之间和个体内部层面情感结构的不同特征和影响，以及这些特征和影响如何与渴望独特地相关联。
