From the Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona.
Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona.
Anesth Analg. 2023 Dec 1;137(6):1171-1178. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000006465. Epub 2023 Apr 3.
Although the number of women in medicine has increased, women remain underrepresented in leadership positions, specifically in medical societies. Specialty societies in medicine are influential in networking, career advancement, research and education opportunities, and providing awards and recognition. The goals of this study are to examine the representation of women in leadership positions in anesthesiology societies compared to women society members and women anesthesiologists and to analyze the trend in women society presidents over time.
A list of anesthesiology societies was obtained from the American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) website. Society leadership positions were obtained via the societies' websites. Gender was determined by images on the society website and images or pronouns on hospital websites and research databases. The percentage of women presidents, vice presidents/presidents-elect, secretaries/treasurers, board of directors/council members, and committee chairs was calculated. The percentage of women in society leadership positions was compared to the percentage of women society members when available, and the percentage of women anesthesiologists in the workforce (26%) using binomial difference of unpaired proportions tests. The trend of women presidents from 1980 to 2020 was analyzed using a Cochran-Armitage trend test.
A total of 13 societies were included in this study. Overall, women held 32.6% (189/580) of leadership positions. 38.5% (5/13) of presidents, 17.6% (3/17) of presidents-elect/vice presidents, and 45% (9/20) of secretaries/treasurers were women. In addition, 30.0% (91/303) of board of directors/council members and 34.2% (90/263) of committee chairs were women. The percentage of women holding society leadership positions was significantly greater than the percentage of women anesthesiologists in the workforce ( P < .001), as was the percentage of women as committee chairs ( P = .003). The percentage of women society members was available for 9 of 13 societies (69%), and the percentage of women leaders was similar to the percentage of women society members ( P = .10). There was a significant difference in the percentage of women leaders between society size categories. Small societies had 32.9% (49/149) women leaders, medium had 39.4% (74/188) women leaders, and the single large society had 27.2% (66/243) ( P = .03). There were also significantly more women leaders in the Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists (SCA) than there are women members ( P = .02).
This study suggests that anesthesia societies may be more inclusive of women in leadership positions compared to other specialty societies. Although in anesthesiology, women remain underrepresented in academic leadership roles, there is a higher proportion of women in leadership roles in anesthesiology societies than proportion of women in the anesthesia workforce.
尽管女性在医学领域的人数有所增加，但她们在领导层的代表性仍然不足，特别是在医学学会中。医学专业学会在网络、职业发展、研究和教育机会以及提供奖项和认可方面具有影响力。本研究的目的是比较麻醉学会中女性在领导层中的代表性与女性学会成员和女性麻醉师，并分析女性学会会长随时间的变化趋势。
从美国麻醉师协会（ASA）网站获得麻醉学会的名单。通过学会网站获得学会领导职位。通过学会网站上的图像以及医院网站和研究数据库中的图像或代词来确定性别。计算女性会长、副会长/当选会长、秘书/司库、董事会/理事会成员和委员会主席的百分比。当可用时，将女性领导职位的百分比与女性学会成员的百分比进行比较，并将女性麻醉师在劳动力中的百分比（26%）与二项式差异的无配对比例检验进行比较。使用 Cochran-Armitage 趋势检验分析 1980 年至 2020 年女性会长的趋势。
本研究共纳入 13 个学会。总体而言，女性担任 32.6%（189/580）的领导职务。会长中有 38.5%（5/13）、副会长/当选会长中有 17.6%（3/17）和秘书/司库中有 45%（9/20）是女性。此外，董事会/理事会成员中有 30.0%（91/303）和委员会主席中有 34.2%（90/263）是女性。担任学会领导职务的女性比例显著高于女性麻醉师在劳动力中的比例（P<.001），担任委员会主席的女性比例也是如此（P=.003）。有 9 个学会（69%）提供了女性学会成员的百分比，女性领导职位的百分比与女性学会成员的百分比相似（P=.10）。不同学会规模类别的女性领导比例存在显著差异。小学会有 32.9%（49/149）的女性领导，中学会有 39.4%（74/188）的女性领导，而单一的大学会有 27.2%（66/243）（P=.03）。心血管麻醉师学会（SCA）的女性领导比例也明显高于女性成员比例（P=.02）。
本研究表明，与其他专业学会相比，麻醉学会可能在领导职位方面更具包容性。尽管在麻醉学领域，女性在学术领导角色中的代表性仍然不足，但麻醉学会中的女性领导比例高于麻醉师劳动力中的女性比例。
