De Cassai Alessandro, Rubulotta Francesca, Zdravkovic Marko, Mustaj Sindi, Berger-Estilita Joana
DIMED (Department of Medicine), University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
Institute of Anesthesia, University Hospital of Padua, Padua, Italy.
Can J Anaesth. 2025 Jan;72(1):75-90. doi: 10.1007/s12630-024-02897-w. Epub 2024 Dec 20.
Gender disparities in academia are a growing concern, impacting various disciplines, including health care. We aimed to investigate gender-based differences in academic performance, leadership roles, and academic distinction within anesthesiology and critical care medicine.
We conducted electronic searches for relevant articles published in PubMed, CENTRAL, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, Education Resources Information Center, PsychINFO, and ProQuest from database inception until 23 June 2024. Three researchers conducted blinded assessments using predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, with discrepancies resolved through discussion. We reported descriptive statistics for quantitative data from the included research articles.
Our initial screening identified 37,311 studies, 71 of which met the specified inclusion criteria and were therefore evaluated. Analysis of academic publishing trends revealed a gradual increase in the proportion of women as coauthors, first authors (in anesthesiology, the increase ranged from 7% to 17%, and in critical care medicine the increase was 4%), last authors, and corresponding authors. Despite these improvements, women remain underrepresented on the editorial boards of top journals. Although an increase in the representation of women as abstract presenters at conferences was noted, gender disparities persist in senior authorship roles.
Gender disparities are evident in academic leadership positions within anesthesiology and critical care medicine, with few women holding editor-in-chief positions and underrepresentation of women on editorial boards. We observed similar gaps in departmental and scientific society leadership roles. The distribution of awards, prizes, and grants remains skewed, indicating persistent gender imbalances in academic distinction. While progress has been made in certain areas, substantial gaps persist in scholarly publishing, leadership, and academic distinction.
PROSPERO ( CRD42022377524 ); first submitted 20 November 2022.
学术界的性别差异日益受到关注，影响着包括医疗保健在内的各个学科。我们旨在调查麻醉学和重症医学领域在学术表现、领导角色和学术成就方面基于性别的差异。
我们对PubMed、CENTRAL、Scopus、Web of Science、Embase、教育资源信息中心、PsychINFO和ProQuest从建库至2024年6月23日发表的相关文章进行了电子检索。三位研究人员使用预先定义的纳入和排除标准进行盲法评估，如有分歧通过讨论解决。我们报告了纳入研究文章中定量数据的描述性统计结果。
我们的初步筛选确定了37311项研究，其中71项符合指定的纳入标准并因此进行评估。学术发表趋势分析显示，女性作为共同作者、第一作者（在麻醉学领域，增幅从7%至17%不等，在重症医学领域增幅为4%）、最后作者和通讯作者的比例逐渐增加。尽管有这些进步，但顶级期刊编辑委员会中女性的代表性仍然不足。虽然会议上女性作为摘要展示者的比例有所增加，但高级作者角色中的性别差异仍然存在。
麻醉学和重症医学领域的学术领导职位存在明显的性别差异，担任主编职位的女性很少，编辑委员会中女性的代表性不足。我们在部门和科学协会的领导角色中也观察到类似差距。奖项、奖品和资助的分配仍然不均衡，表明学术成就方面存在持续的性别失衡。虽然在某些领域取得了进展，但在学术发表、领导地位和学术成就方面仍存在巨大差距。
PROSPERO（CRD42022377524）；于2022年11月20日首次提交。
