Han Bo, Wang Jianqiang, Hai Yong, Sun Duan, Liang Weishi, Yin Peng, Ding Hongtao
Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Neurospine. 2023 Mar;20(1):205-220. doi: 10.14245/ns.2244744.372. Epub 2023 Mar 31.
A healthy cervical spine with normal movement is the basis of many daily activities and is essential for maintaining a good quality of life. However, the alignment, fusion, and structure of the cervical spine can change for various reasons, leading to cervical deformity, mainly kyphosis. Approximately 5%‒20% of spinal infections in the cervical spine cause cervical deformity. The deformity can recover early; however, the disease's long-term existence or the continuous action of abnormal stress may lead to intervertebral fusion and abnormal osteophytes. Many gaps and controversies exist regarding infectious cervical deformities, including a lack of clear definitions and an acceptable classification system thereby requiring further research. Moreover, there is no consensus on the indications for postinfectious cervical deformity associated with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Brucellosis. Therefore, we reviewed and discussed the incidence, clinical manifestations, changes, and treatment of infectious and inflammatory secondary cervical deformities from common to rare to provide a theoretical basis for clinical decision-making.
健康且活动正常的颈椎是许多日常活动的基础，对于维持良好生活质量至关重要。然而，颈椎的排列、融合及结构可能因各种原因发生改变，导致颈椎畸形，主要是后凸畸形。颈椎脊柱感染中约5%‒20%会导致颈椎畸形。畸形可能早期恢复；然而，疾病的长期存在或异常应力的持续作用可能导致椎间融合和异常骨赘形成。关于感染性颈椎畸形存在许多差距和争议，包括缺乏明确的定义和可接受的分类系统，因此需要进一步研究。此外，对于与结核分枝杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和布鲁氏菌病相关的感染后颈椎畸形的适应症尚无共识。因此，我们回顾并讨论了从常见到罕见的感染性和炎症性继发性颈椎畸形的发病率、临床表现、变化及治疗方法，为临床决策提供理论依据。
