Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Department of Neurobiology, Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences (IZN), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2023 Apr 3;64(4):4. doi: 10.1167/iovs.64.4.4.
This study aimed to assess the prevalence and characteristics of the peripapillary gamma zone in myopic, emmetropic, and hyperopic eyes of Chinese children.
Overall, 1274 children aged 6 to 8 years from the Hong Kong Children Eye Study underwent ocular examinations, including measurements of cycloplegic auto-refraction and axial length (AL). The optic disc was imaged using a Spectralis optical coherence tomography (OCT) unit and a protocol involving 24 equally spaced radial B-scans. The Bruch's membrane opening (BMO) was identified in over 48 meridians in each eye. The peripapillary gamma zone was defined as the region between the BMO and the border of the optic disc, identified by the OCT.
The prevalence of the peripapillary gamma zone was higher in myopic eyes (36.3%) than in emmetropic (16.1%) and hyperopic eyes (11.5%, P < 0.001). AL (per 1 mm; odds ratio [OR]) = 1.861, P < 0.001) and a more oval disc shape (OR = 3.144, P < 0.001) were associated with the presence of a peripapillary gamma zone after adjusting for demographic, systemic, and ocular variables. In the subgroup analysis, a longer AL was associated with the presence of a peripapillary gamma zone in myopic eyes (OR = 1.874, P < 0.001), but not in emmetropic (OR = 1.033, P = 0.913) or hyperopic eyes (OR = 1.044, P = 0.883). A peripapillary zone was not observed in the region nasal to the optic nerve in myopic eyes, in contrast to its presence in the same region in 1.9% of emmetropic eyes and 9.3% of hyperopic eyes; these intergroup differences were statistically significant (P < 0.001).
Although peripapillary gamma zones were observed in the eyes of both myopic and non-myopic children, their characteristics and distribution patterns were substantially different.
本研究旨在评估中国儿童近视、正视和远视眼中视盘周围伽马区的患病率和特征。
共有 1274 名 6 至 8 岁的香港儿童眼研究参与者接受了眼部检查，包括睫状肌麻痹自动验光和眼轴（AL）测量。使用 Spectralis 光学相干断层扫描（OCT）仪和涉及 24 个等距放射状 B 扫描的方案对视盘进行成像。在每只眼中的超过 48 条子午线上识别出 Bruch 膜开口（BMO）。OCT 确定视盘周围伽马区为 BMO 和视盘边界之间的区域。
近视眼（36.3%）的视盘周围伽马区患病率高于正视眼（16.1%）和远视眼（11.5%，P<0.001）。AL（每 1 毫米；比值比[OR]）=1.861，P<0.001）和更椭圆形的盘形（OR=3.144，P<0.001）与调整人口统计学、系统和眼部变量后的视盘周围伽马区存在相关。在亚组分析中，较长的 AL 与近视眼中视盘周围伽马区的存在相关（OR=1.874，P<0.001），但与正视眼（OR=1.033，P=0.913）或远视眼（OR=1.044，P=0.883）无关。在近视眼中，视盘周围伽马区在视神经鼻侧区域不存在，而在 1.9%的正视眼和 9.3%的远视眼中，同一区域存在视盘周围伽马区；这些组间差异具有统计学意义（P<0.001）。
虽然视盘周围伽马区在近视和非近视儿童的眼中都有观察到，但它们的特征和分布模式有很大的不同。
