Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
J Small Anim Pract. 2023 Aug;64(8):527-534. doi: 10.1111/jsap.13614. Epub 2023 Apr 7.
We aimed to determine the response time to immunosuppressive therapy and time required to achieve a 5% increase in haematocrit among dogs with non-regenerative immune-mediated anaemia.
Client-owned dogs diagnosed with non-regenerative immune-mediated anaemia in Hokkaido University Veterinary Teaching Hospital between December 2012 and May 2018 were enrolled. The first treatment regimen included prednisolone (2 mg/kg/day) and ciclosporin (up to 10 mg/kg/day) for 8 weeks. Dogs that did not respond to the first regimen proceeded to the second regimen comprising prednisolone and mycophenolate mofetil (15 mg/kg, twice a day). Reticulocyte count and haematocrit were monitored every 1 to 2 weeks. Treatment response was defined as an absolute reticulocyte count more than 60×10 /μL or increasing haematocrit.
During the study period, 23 dogs fulfilled the inclusion criteria for non-regenerative immune-mediated anaemia. Twelve dogs were excluded from this study for various reasons and response to therapy was evaluated in the remaining 11 dogs. Treatment responses were observed in 8 of 11 dogs, and the median time to response was 39.5 days (range 8 to 92 days). Two responders were unable to continue the first treatment regimen and were switched to the second regimen owing to anorexia and nausea, possibly induced by ciclosporin; withdrawal of ciclosporin improved their symptoms. The time required to achieve a 5% increase in haematocrit was assessed in the other six dogs, with a median of 55.5 days (range 8 to 135 days).
Here we report the response to a standardised treatment protocol in dogs with non-regenerative immune-mediated anaemia. Knowledge of potential side effects and expected therapeutic outcomes may be of use for veterinary practitioners treating this condition.
我们旨在确定免疫抑制治疗的反应时间和非再生性免疫介导性贫血犬红细胞压积增加 5%所需的时间。
本研究纳入了 2012 年 12 月至 2018 年 5 月在北海道大学兽医教学医院诊断为非再生性免疫介导性贫血的患犬。第一治疗方案包括泼尼松龙（2mg/kg/天）和环孢素（最高 10mg/kg/天）8 周。对第一方案无反应的犬进行第二方案治疗，包括泼尼松龙和霉酚酸酯（15mg/kg，每天两次）。每隔 1 至 2 周监测网织红细胞计数和红细胞压积。治疗反应定义为绝对网织红细胞计数超过 60×10 /μL 或红细胞压积增加。
在研究期间，23 只犬符合非再生性免疫介导性贫血的纳入标准。由于各种原因，12 只犬被排除在本研究之外，对其余 11 只犬的治疗反应进行了评估。11 只犬中有 8 只出现治疗反应，反应时间中位数为 39.5 天（范围 8 至 92 天）。2 名反应者因厌食和恶心（可能由环孢素引起）而无法继续第一治疗方案，并转而接受第二方案治疗；停用环孢素改善了他们的症状。在其他 6 只犬中评估了红细胞压积增加 5%所需的时间，中位数为 55.5 天（范围 8 至 135 天）。
本研究报告了非再生性免疫介导性贫血犬标准治疗方案的反应。了解潜在的副作用和预期的治疗结果可能对治疗这种疾病的兽医有帮助。
