Department of Radiology, Virginia Mason Medical Center, 1100 Ninth Avenue, C5-XR, Seattle, WA 98101, USA.
Department of Radiology, Virginia Mason Medical Center, 1100 Ninth Avenue, C5-XR, Seattle, WA 98101, USA.
Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am. 2023 Aug;35(3):359-376. doi: 10.1016/j.coms.2023.02.005. Epub 2023 Apr 7.
Rhinosinusitis is a commonly encountered disease. Imaging is not typically required in acute uncomplicated rhinosinusitis; however, it is integral in the evaluation of patients who present with prolonged or atypical symptoms or when acute intracranial complications or alternate diagnoses are suspected. Knowledge of the paranasal sinus anatomy is important to understand patterns of sinonasal opacification. Bacterial, viral, and fungal pathogens are responsible culprits and, with duration of symptoms, serve to categorize infectious sinonasal disease. Several systemic inflammatory and vasculitic processes have a predilection for the sinonasal region. Imaging, along with laboratory and histopathologic analysis, assist in arriving at these diagnoses.
鼻窦炎是一种常见疾病。在急性非复杂性鼻窦炎中，通常不需要影像学检查；然而，对于出现长时间或非典型症状，或怀疑有急性颅内并发症或其他诊断时，影像学检查是必不可少的。了解鼻窦解剖结构对于理解鼻窦黏膜混浊的模式非常重要。细菌、病毒和真菌病原体是主要的致病因素，根据症状持续时间，可将感染性鼻窦疾病进行分类。几种全身性炎症和血管炎过程对鼻窦区域有倾向。影像学检查，结合实验室和组织病理学分析，有助于做出这些诊断。
