基于社会项目的环境干预对身体活动水平的影响：系统评价。
Impact of environmental interventions based on social programs on physical activity levels: A systematic review.
机构信息
Facultad de Medicina, Human Movement Department, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia.
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Boyacá, Tunja, Colombia.
出版信息
Front Public Health. 2023 Mar 23;11:1095146. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1095146. eCollection 2023.
BACKGROUND
The design of social programs at the environmental level such as in schools, parks, bicycle paths, or workspaces generates changes in the behavior of individuals and modifies lifestyles by increasing physical activity (PA) levels.
OBJECTIVE
To determine the effectiveness of environmental interventions based on social programs by changing the population's level of PA.
METHODOLOGY
Natural experiment studies that involved environmental intervention programs at a social level were included. The primary outcome was PA levels with consideration of both objective and subjective measurements. An electronic search was carried out in Medline/Pubmed, SCIENCE DIRECT, WEB OF SCIENCE, and CINAHL databases up to January 2022 with two reviewers screening titles and abstracts and selecting studies for full-text reading. Two reviewers also acquired relevant data and evaluated study quality using the ROBINS I tool. A qualitative analysis was performed.
RESULTS
Three thousand eight hundred and sixty-five articles were found in the 4 consulted databases. After eliminating duplication (200), two reviewers screened 3,665 titles and abstracts and excluded 3,566 that did not meet the inclusion criteria, leaving 99 articles to be read in full text. The 99 full texts were reviewed of which 24 papers met the eligibility criteria. All were natural experiments published between 2011 and 2020 and all evaluated environmental social programs revealing that social programs at the environmental level promoted PA in various populations at the community level worldwide.
CONCLUSION
The 24 reviewed studies suggest innovative proposals for social programs that seek to increase PA and promote healthy lifestyles related to public activity policies developed in the countries in which they were generated. Environmental social programs can positively impact PA levels among children and adults.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=229718, identifier: CRD42021229718.
背景
在学校、公园、自行车道或工作场所等环境层面设计社会项目可以改变个体行为并通过增加身体活动（PA）水平来改变生活方式。
目的
通过改变人群的 PA 水平，确定基于社会项目的环境干预措施的有效性。
方法
纳入了涉及社会层面环境干预计划的自然实验研究。主要结果是 PA 水平，同时考虑了客观和主观测量。对 Medline/Pubmed、SCIENCE DIRECT、WEB OF SCIENCE 和 CINAHL 数据库进行了电子检索，检索时间截至 2022 年 1 月，由两名评审员筛选标题和摘要，并选择进行全文阅读的研究。两名评审员还使用 ROBINS I 工具获取相关数据并评估研究质量。进行了定性分析。
结果
在 4 个咨询数据库中发现了 3865 篇文章。在消除重复项（200 篇）后，两名评审员筛选了 3865 个标题和摘要，排除了不符合纳入标准的 3566 篇，留下 99 篇全文进行阅读。对 99 篇全文进行了审查，其中 24 篇论文符合入选标准。所有研究均为 2011 年至 2020 年发表的自然实验，均评估了环境社会项目，结果表明，环境层面的社会项目在全球社区层面促进了不同人群的 PA。
结论
综述的 24 项研究为旨在增加 PA 并促进与各国制定的公共活动政策相关的健康生活方式的社会项目提供了创新建议。环境社会项目可以积极影响儿童和成人的 PA 水平。
系统评价注册
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=229718，标识符：CRD42021229718。
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