Tan Qingti, Wang Tao, Xu Nuo, Zhang Guoying, Luo Xiaoli
Department of Pediatric Critical Medicine, Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
Transl Pediatr. 2023 Mar 31;12(3):405-416. doi: 10.21037/tp-23-79. Epub 2023 Mar 29.
There are many articles related to child injuries during the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) in other countries, but only few studies in this field in China. This study analyzes the clinical characteristics of unintentional childhood injury during the pandemic, to provide reference for the prevention of unintentional childhood injury in the context of pandemic.
A comparative study was performed on the medical data of 2,497 children with unintentional injury who were hospitalized at Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital between 1 January, 2018 and 31 May, 2021. The study period was divided into 2 periods, before the pandemic (1 January, 2018 to 31 May, 2019), during the pandemic (1 January, 2020 to 31 May, 2021). The number of unintentional childhood injuries and age distribution before and during the pandemic were compared. Group differences were examined using Mann-Whitney U for continuous variables and Chi-squared or Kruskal-Wallis tests for categorical variables.
There were significant differences in age, accident location, hospitalization days, and medical expenses before and during the pandemic (P<0.05). During the pandemic, the number of children's unintentional injuries increased by 34.24% (1,066 . 1,431, P=0.000), and the significantly increased types of unintentional injuries included foreign bodies, falls, crush injuries, and sharp injuries. During the pandemic, the highest proportion of unintentional injury to children was foreign bodies, whereas the proportion of falls was the highest before the pandemic. During the pandemic, the number of foreign body injuries in toddler was significantly higher than before the pandemic (P=0.001), but the number of falls, crush injuries, and sharp injuries in preschooler was significantly higher (P<0.05).
In the circumstance of the COVID-19, the number of foreign bodies, falls, crush injuries, and sharp injuries, in children increased significantly. It is necessary to strengthen the prevention of foreign bodies in toddler, and falls, crush injuries, and sharp injuries in preschooler.
在其他国家有许多关于2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）期间儿童伤害的文章，但中国在该领域的研究较少。本研究分析疫情期间儿童意外伤害的临床特征，为疫情背景下儿童意外伤害的预防提供参考。
对2018年1月1日至2021年5月31日在成都市妇女儿童中心医院住院的2497例意外伤害儿童的医疗数据进行对比研究。研究期分为两个阶段，疫情前（2018年1月1日至2019年5月31日）、疫情期间（2020年1月1日至2021年5月31日）。比较疫情前和疫情期间儿童意外伤害的数量及年龄分布。连续变量采用Mann-Whitney U检验，分类变量采用卡方检验或Kruskal-Wallis检验来检验组间差异。
疫情前和疫情期间在年龄、事故发生地点、住院天数和医疗费用方面存在显著差异（P<0.05）。疫情期间，儿童意外伤害数量增加了34.24%（1066例升至1431例，P = 0.000），意外伤害类型显著增加的包括异物、跌倒、挤压伤和锐器伤。疫情期间，儿童意外伤害中异物所占比例最高，而疫情前跌倒所占比例最高。疫情期间，幼儿异物受伤数量显著高于疫情前（P = 0.001），但学龄前儿童跌倒、挤压伤和锐器伤的数量显著更高（P<0.05）。
在COVID-19疫情情况下，儿童的异物、跌倒、挤压伤和锐器伤数量显著增加。有必要加强对幼儿异物伤害以及学龄前儿童跌倒、挤压伤和锐器伤的预防。
