Kinoshita Sachiko, Amos Annabel, Norris Dennis
Macquarie University.
University of Cambridge.
J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 2023 Mar;49(3):370-383. doi: 10.1037/xhp0001084.
Recent masked priming studies investigating the recognition of letters with diacritics with native readers of the script have consistently yielded an asymmetric pattern of priming such that a base-letter prime without the diacritic speeds up the recognition of the letter with a diacritic almost as much as an identity prime, but not vice versa (e.g., á-Á ≦ a-Á, but a-A ≪á-A). Here we tested English readers unfamiliar with diacritics in a letter match task using Japanese kana and the vowel letters of the Latin alphabet, and found the asymmetry was reduced to a negligible level (á-Á ≦ a-Á, and a-A ≦ á-A) (Experiments 1 and 2). However, the diacritic novices showed the asymmetric pattern of priming like the diacritic experts when the task condition explicitly required the letters with and without diacritics to be distinguished (Experiments 3 and 4). These results are explained in terms of how expertise moderates an early letter identification process in interpreting a visual feature as noise, or a signal diagnostic of letter identity. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
最近，针对使用该文字体系的母语读者对带变音符号字母的识别进行的掩蔽启动研究，始终得出一种不对称的启动模式，即不带变音符号的基础字母启动几乎能像相同字母启动一样加快对带变音符号字母的识别，但反之则不然（例如，á-Á ≦ a-Á，但a-A ≪ á-A）。在此，我们使用日语音节假名和拉丁字母中的元音字母，在字母匹配任务中测试了不熟悉变音符号的英语读者，发现这种不对称性降低到了可忽略不计的水平（á-Á ≦ a-Á，且a-A ≦ á-A）（实验1和实验2）。然而，当任务条件明确要求区分带变音符号和不带变音符号的字母时，变音符号新手表现出了与变音符号专家类似的不对称启动模式（实验3和实验4）。这些结果是根据专业知识如何在将视觉特征解释为噪声或字母身份诊断信号时调节早期字母识别过程来解释的。（PsycInfo数据库记录（c）2023美国心理学会，保留所有权利）
