Lazarus A
Psychiatr Dev. 1986 Spring;4(1):19-30.
The neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is an under-recognized yet sometimes fatal complication of antipsychotic drug therapy. NMS is comprised of hyperthermia, rigidity, autonomic disturbances, and altered consciousness. Until recently, there was no specific therapy for NMS other than discontinuing the offending neuroleptic and providing symptomatic treatment. However, 4 drugs (dantrolene and the dopamine agonists amantadine, bromocriptine, and carbidopa/levodopa) have clearly emerged to merit consideration in the therapy of NMS. The literature on their use in this disorder, either alone or in combination, is reviewed. The combination of dantrolene (a peripheral muscle relaxant) and post-synaptic dopamine agonists may prove the most effective in this condition.
抗精神病药物恶性综合征（NMS）是抗精神病药物治疗中一种未被充分认识但有时会致命的并发症。NMS由高热、强直、自主神经功能紊乱和意识改变组成。直到最近，除了停用引起问题的抗精神病药物并进行对症治疗外，尚无针对NMS的特异性治疗方法。然而，有4种药物（丹曲林以及多巴胺激动剂金刚烷胺、溴隐亭和卡比多巴/左旋多巴）已明确成为NMS治疗中值得考虑的药物。本文对它们单独或联合用于该疾病的文献进行了综述。丹曲林（一种外周肌肉松弛剂）与突触后多巴胺激动剂联合使用可能在这种情况下最为有效。
