State Key Laboratory of High-Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mines of Ministry of Education, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China; School of Civil and Resource Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China.
Department of Civil Engineering, Geotechnical Division, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Fener, Rize, TR53100, Turkey.
J Environ Manage. 2023 Aug 1;339:117897. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117897. Epub 2023 Apr 11.
Without appropriate and responsible waste management in place, the cursory storage of tailings and waste rocks on the surface can cause devastating damage to the planet's ecosystems. To proactively manage or abolish the damage, some techniques such as mine backfill have been already used repeatedly in mines. Microstructure and strength behavior of cementitious tailings-crushed rock backfill (CTCRB) with gold/tungsten tailings and rock contents (e.g., 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%) were conducted in this study by using both UCS (unconfined compressive strength) tests (e.g., peak strengths, stress-strain curves, failure modes) and SEM micro-graphs. Key conclusions were shown that: when gradation and content of crushed rock was considered as 1-3 mm and 50% respectively, the UCS value of gold tailings based backfills was 1.02 MPa. In contrast, the UCS value of tungsten mine tailings based backfills was 1.36 MPa when the amount of crushed rock within the filling matrix became 10%. Tungsten tailings based backfills were more sensitive to crushed rock gradation than gold tailings based backfills. CTCRB's stress-strain curvatures were up-concave in the step of pore compaction. With the increase in the content and gradation of crushed rock, tungsten tailings based backfills showed swelling and crushing in complete destruction. Tailings' particle size, crushed rock content and gradation utterly affected the failure modes of CTCRB. Ettringite/CSH gel was found to be the leading hydration materials in the backfill matrix. The micro-cracks within CTCRB specimens were unfavorably correlated with its UCS data. To conclude, this study's main outcomes could give a significant guide for CTCRB's industrial uses.
如果没有适当和负责任的废物管理，草率地将尾矿和废石堆放在地表上，可能会对地球生态系统造成毁灭性的破坏。为了主动管理或消除这种破坏，一些技术，如矿山回填，已经在矿山中反复使用。本研究通过 UCS（无侧限抗压强度）试验（如峰值强度、应力-应变曲线、破坏模式）和 SEM 微观图，对金/钨尾矿和岩石含量（如 10%、20%、30%、40%和 50%）的胶结尾矿-碎岩回填体（CTCRB）的微观结构和强度特性进行了研究。主要结论表明：当考虑到碎石的级配和含量分别为 1-3mm 和 50%时，基于金尾矿的回填体的 UCS 值为 1.02MPa。相比之下，当填充基质中碎石的含量为 10%时，基于钨矿山尾矿的回填体的 UCS 值为 1.36MPa。钨矿山尾矿的回填体对碎石级配比金尾矿的回填体更敏感。CTCRB 的应力-应变曲线在孔隙压实阶段呈上凸状。随着碎石含量和级配的增加，钨矿山尾矿的回填体在完全破坏时表现出膨胀和破碎。尾矿的粒径、碎石的含量和级配对 CTCRB 的破坏模式有很大影响。发现钙矾石/CSH 凝胶是回填基质中的主要水化材料。CTCRB 试件中的微裂缝与其 UCS 数据呈负相关。总之，本研究的主要结果可为 CTCRB 的工业应用提供重要指导。
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