Pharmaceutical Sciences Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, 200 University Park Drive, Building 220, Edwardsville IL 62025.
J Nutr. 2023 Jun;153(6):1771-1782. doi: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.04.004. Epub 2023 Apr 11.
Although reported dietary supplement use is common in older adults, evaluations of dietary supplement use over the past 10 y are lacking.
This analysis determined changes in reported dietary supplement use in cognitively normal older adults (aged ≥ 55 y) using the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center data from 2015 to 2019 using a serial cross-sectional study design.
The first available visit for cognitively normal participants aged ≥ 55 y from 2015 to 2019 with a complete medication form was used, resulting in 9357 participants. Associations between visit year categories and reported use of dietary supplement categories/individual supplements were tested using categorical statistics. To determine whether the probabilities of reported supplement use changed in 2019 compared with those of 2015, z-scores and two-sided P values were used. Weighted analyses were used to confirm analytical findings.
When comparing 2015 and 2019, the reported use of any dietary supplement decreased from 77.7% in 2015 to 71.0% in 2019 (P < 0.0001); any vitamin from 72.5% to 65.5% (P < 0.0001); any mineral from 39.2% to 30.4% (P < 0.0001); "other" nonvitamin/nonmineral supplements from 34.4% to 26.9% (P < 0.0001), calcium from 31.2% to 21.7% (P < 0.0001), multivitamins from 48.4% to 38.4% (P < 0.0001), potassium from 5.6% to 3.5% (P = 0.001), vitamin C from 13.0% to 9.2% (P = 0.0002), chondroitin from 6.0% to 4.1% (P = 0.006), glucosamine from 11.1% to 6.5% (P < 0.0001), and all omega fatty acids from 25.2% to 17.0% (P < 0.0001). Reported use increased for vitamin B7/biotin from 3.1% in 2015 to 5.8% in 2019 (P = 0.0003), melatonin from 3.1% to 5.8% (P = 0.0002), and turmeric from 1.2% to 4.7% (P < 0.0001).
Although the reported use of many major dietary supplement categories and individual supplements significantly decreased in older adults from 2015 to 2019, biotin, turmeric, and melatonin significantly increased. Because biotin may interfere with some laboratory tests, this may have important public health implications.
尽管有报道称老年人经常使用膳食补充剂，但缺乏过去 10 年的膳食补充剂使用评估。
本分析使用国家阿尔茨海默病协调中心的数据，采用连续横断面研究设计，确定认知正常的老年成年人（年龄≥55 岁）中报告的膳食补充剂使用情况的变化。
使用 2015 年至 2019 年认知正常的≥55 岁参与者的首次可用访问，其中包括完整的药物表，共有 9357 名参与者。使用分类统计方法检验了就诊年份类别与报告的膳食补充剂类别/个体补充剂使用之间的关联。为了确定 2019 年报告的补充剂使用概率是否与 2015 年有所变化，使用了 z 分数和双侧 P 值。使用加权分析来确认分析结果。
与 2015 年相比，2019 年报告的任何膳食补充剂的使用从 2015 年的 77.7%下降到 2019 年的 71.0%（P <0.0001）；任何维生素从 72.5%降至 65.5%（P <0.0001）；任何矿物质从 39.2%降至 30.4%（P <0.0001）；“其他”非维生素/非矿物质补充剂从 34.4%降至 26.9%（P <0.0001）；钙从 31.2%降至 21.7%（P <0.0001）；多种维生素从 48.4%降至 38.4%（P <0.0001）；钾从 5.6%降至 3.5%（P=0.001）；维生素 C 从 13.0%降至 9.2%（P=0.0002）；软骨素从 6.0%降至 4.1%（P=0.006）；葡萄糖胺从 11.1%降至 6.5%（P<0.0001）；所有ω-3 脂肪酸从 25.2%降至 17.0%（P<0.0001）。报告的维生素 B7/生物素使用从 2015 年的 3.1%增加到 2019 年的 5.8%（P=0.0003）；褪黑素从 3.1%增加到 5.8%（P=0.0002）；姜黄从 1.2%增加到 4.7%（P<0.0001）。
尽管 2015 年至 2019 年老年人中许多主要膳食补充剂类别和个体补充剂的报告使用量显著下降，但生物素、姜黄和褪黑素的使用显著增加。由于生物素可能会干扰某些实验室测试，因此这可能具有重要的公共卫生意义。
