Lainé Alexandra, Gonzalez-Lopez Andrea M, Hasan Uzma, Ohkuma Ryotaro, Ray-Coquard Isabelle
Centre Léon Bérard (CLB), 69373 Lyon CEDEX 08, France.
University Hospital Foundation Alcorcon, 28922 Alcorcon, Madrid, Spain.
Cancers (Basel). 2023 Mar 29;15(7):2042. doi: 10.3390/cancers15072042.
Endometrial cancer (EC) is the seventh most common tumor in women, and prognosis of recurrent and metastatic disease is poor. Cervical cancer (CC) represents the fifth most common gynecological cancer. While ECs are more common in developed countries, the incidence of CC has decreased due to the recent implementation of large screening and vaccination programs. Until very recently, patients with advanced or unresectable EC or CC had very limited treatment options and were receiving in first line setting platinum/taxane-based chemotherapy (CT). Significant progress in the treatment of gynecological cancers has occurred in the last few years, with the use of innovative targeted therapies and immunotherapy. However, targeting the immune system in patients with gynecological tumors remains challenging and is not always successful. In ovarian cancer, several immunotherapy treatment regimens have been investigated (as monotherapy and combination therapy in first and subsequent lines of treatment) and showed poor responses. Therefore, we specifically focused our review on EC and CC for their specific immune-related features and therapeutic results demonstrated with immunotherapy. We report recent and current immunotherapy-based clinical trials and provide a review of emerging data that are likely to impact immunotherapy development based on increased biomarkers' identification to monitor response and overcome resistance.
子宫内膜癌（EC）是女性中第七大常见肿瘤，复发和转移性疾病的预后较差。宫颈癌（CC）是第五大常见妇科癌症。虽然子宫内膜癌在发达国家更为常见，但由于最近实施了大规模筛查和疫苗接种计划，宫颈癌的发病率有所下降。直到最近，晚期或不可切除的子宫内膜癌或宫颈癌患者的治疗选择非常有限，一线治疗采用铂类/紫杉烷类化疗（CT）。在过去几年中，随着创新靶向治疗和免疫治疗的应用，妇科癌症的治疗取得了重大进展。然而，针对妇科肿瘤患者的免疫系统仍然具有挑战性，而且并不总是成功。在卵巢癌中，已经研究了几种免疫治疗方案（作为一线和后续治疗中的单药治疗和联合治疗），但反应不佳。因此，我们特别关注子宫内膜癌和宫颈癌，因为它们具有特定的免疫相关特征以及免疫治疗所显示的治疗效果。我们报告了最近和当前基于免疫治疗的临床试验，并根据增加生物标志物识别以监测反应和克服耐药性的情况，对可能影响免疫治疗发展的新出现数据进行综述。
