Hu Xiaodan, Liu Jianhua, Shan Qiji, Bai Song, Li Wu, Wen Tianxiang, Guo Xinbo, Hu Jianguang
Key Laboratory of Crops Genetics Improvement of Guangdong Province, Crop Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
Foods. 2023 Apr 1;12(7):1486. doi: 10.3390/foods12071486.
Waxy corn kernels with different colors have high phenolic content and good application potential in medicine and food healthcare. In our work, the content changes of phenolic and anthocyanins profiles were related to genes in the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway, and the antioxidant activities of three different colors of waxy corn kernels (black, white, and yellow) were determined during kernel development. Results showed that growing temperature and light intensity could affect the accumulation of phytochemicals and antioxidant activities in waxy corns during maturation. Phenolic and antioxidant activities decreased over kernel maturation, and spring had higher nutrition levels during the best harvest time (20 and 25 days after pollination in the spring and autumn, respectively) for waxy corns. Cyanidin-3--glucoside and pelargonidin-3--glucoside were the main anthocyanins detected in the black waxy corns. The contents of cyanidin are higher than pelargonidin followed by peonidin in the autumn, while on the other hand, pelargonidin had a slightly higher content compared to cyanidin in the spring. , , and were the key genes affecting anthocyanin accumulation. This work provided information on the best harvest time for the pigment of waxy corn in order to achieve relatively high phenolic profiles and antioxidant activities. It also illustrated the possible relationship between weather conditions, gene expression levels, and phenolic content during kernel development.
不同颜色的糯玉米籽粒具有较高的酚类物质含量，在医药和食品保健方面具有良好的应用潜力。在我们的研究中，酚类和花青素谱的含量变化与花青素生物合成途径中的基因相关，并且测定了三种不同颜色（黑色、白色和黄色）糯玉米籽粒在发育过程中的抗氧化活性。结果表明，生长温度和光照强度会影响糯玉米成熟过程中植物化学物质的积累和抗氧化活性。随着籽粒成熟，酚类物质含量和抗氧化活性降低，在糯玉米的最佳收获期（春季和秋季分别为授粉后20天和25天），春季的营养水平更高。矢车菊素-3-葡萄糖苷和天竺葵素-3-葡萄糖苷是在黑色糯玉米中检测到的主要花青素。秋季矢车菊素的含量高于天竺葵素，芍药色素次之，而在春季，天竺葵素的含量比矢车菊素略高。 、 和 是影响花青素积累的关键基因。这项研究提供了关于糯玉米色素最佳收获时间的信息，以便获得相对较高的酚类物质含量和抗氧化活性。它还阐明了籽粒发育过程中天气条件、基因表达水平和酚类物质含量之间的可能关系。
