Coudert Edouard, Baéza Elisabeth, Chartrin Pascal, Jimenez Justine, Cailleau-Audouin Estelle, Bordeau Thierry, Berri Cécile
Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement, Université de Tours, UMR BOA, F-37380 Nouzilly, France.
Animals (Basel). 2023 Mar 25;13(7):1160. doi: 10.3390/ani13071160.
The evolution of parameters known to be relevant indicators of energy status, oxidative stress, and antioxidant defense in chickens was followed. These parameters were measured weekly from 1 to 42 days in plasma and/or muscles and liver of two strains differing in growth rate. At 1-day old, in plasma, slow-growing (SG) chicks were characterized by a high total antioxidant status (TAS), probably related to higher superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and uric acid levels compared to fast-growing (FG) chicks whereas the lipid peroxidation levels were higher in the liver and muscles of SG day-old chicks. Irrespective of the genotype, the plasma glutathione reductase (GR) and peroxidase (GPx) activities and levels of hydroperoxides and α- and γ-tocopherols decreased rapidly post-hatch. In the muscles, lipid peroxidation also decreased rapidly after hatching as well as catalase, GR, and GPx activities, while the SOD activity increased. In the liver, the TAS was relatively stable the first week after hatching while the value of thio-barbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and GR activity increased and GPx and catalase activities decreased. Our study revealed the strain specificities regarding the antioxidant systems used to maintain their redox balance over the life course. Nevertheless, the age had a much higher impact than strain on the antioxidant ability of the chickens.
对已知与鸡的能量状态、氧化应激和抗氧化防御相关指标的参数演变进行了跟踪。从第1天到第42天，每周对两种生长速度不同的品系的血浆和/或肌肉及肝脏中的这些参数进行测量。在1日龄时，血浆中生长缓慢（SG）的雏鸡具有较高的总抗氧化状态（TAS），这可能与超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性和尿酸水平较高有关，相比之下，生长快速（FG）的雏鸡则较低，而1日龄SG雏鸡肝脏和肌肉中的脂质过氧化水平较高。无论基因型如何，血浆谷胱甘肽还原酶（GR）和过氧化物酶（GPx）活性以及氢过氧化物和α-及γ-生育酚水平在孵化后迅速下降。在肌肉中，孵化后脂质过氧化以及过氧化氢酶、GR和GPx活性也迅速下降，而SOD活性增加。在肝脏中，孵化后第一周TAS相对稳定，而硫代巴比妥酸反应性物质（TBARS）值和GR活性增加，GPx和过氧化氢酶活性下降。我们的研究揭示了在整个生命过程中用于维持氧化还原平衡的抗氧化系统的品系特异性。然而，年龄对鸡抗氧化能力的影响远高于品系。
