Applied Prevention Science International, Ontario, OH, USA.
Department of Mental Health Law and Policy, College of Community and Behavioral Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.
Prev Sci. 2023 Aug;24(6):1078-1090. doi: 10.1007/s11121-023-01532-2. Epub 2023 Apr 13.
Major research breakthroughs over the past 30 years in the field of substance use prevention have served to: (1) enhance understanding of pharmacological effects on the central and peripheral nervous systems and the health and social consequences of use of psychoactive substances, particularly for children and adolescents; (2) delineate the processes that increase vulnerability to or protect from initiation of substance use and progression to substance use disorders (SUDs) and, based on this understanding, (3) develop effective strategies and practices to prevent the initiation and escalation of substance use. The challenge we now face as a field is to "normalize" what we have learned from this research so that it is incorporated into the work of those involved in supporting, planning, and delivering prevention programming to populations around the world, is integrated into health and social service systems, and helps to shape public policies. But we wish to go further, to incorporate these effective prevention practices into everyday life and the mind-sets of the public, particularly parents and educators. This paper reviews the advances that have been made in the field of prevention and presents a framework and recommendations to achieve these objectives generated during several meetings of prevention and implementation science researchers sponsored by the International Consortium of Universities for Drug Demand Reduction (ICUDDR) that guides a roadmap to achieve "normalization."
过去 30 年来,物质使用预防领域的重大研究突破有助于:(1)增进对中枢和外周神经系统的药理学作用以及使用精神活性物质(尤其是儿童和青少年)的健康和社会后果的理解;(2)描绘增加对物质使用的易感性或保护免受物质使用开始和进展为物质使用障碍(SUD)的过程,并在此基础上,(3)制定有效策略和实践,以预防物质使用的开始和升级。我们现在面临的挑战是作为一个领域,将我们从这项研究中学到的东西“常态化”,以便将其纳入支持、规划和向全球各地人口提供预防方案的工作中,融入卫生和社会服务系统,并有助于制定公共政策。但我们希望更进一步,将这些有效的预防实践纳入日常生活和公众,特别是家长和教育工作者的思维模式中。本文回顾了预防领域的进展,并提出了一个框架和建议,以实现这些目标,这些目标是由国际减少毒品需求联合会(ICUDDR)赞助的预防和实施科学研究人员的几次会议中提出的,指导实现“常态化”的路线图。