Marti O G, Hale O M
Vet Parasitol. 1986 Feb;19(3-4):301-14. doi: 10.1016/0304-4017(86)90077-4.
Examinations of fecal specimens from swine of all ages maintained in a totally enclosed confinement facility in south Georgia were conducted in a 5-year survey (1977-1981) to determine the prevalence, intensity, and transmission patterns of intestinal nematode and protozoan parasites. Weaned pigs in the nursery had no detectable parasitic infections except sporadic Isospora suis in newly weaned pigs. Growing-finishing hogs had a low prevalence of Ascaris suum, Oesophagostomum spp. and Balantidium suis. Mean A. suum prevalence and mean eggs per gram feces (EPG) increased until about 200 days of age and then declined. Oesophagostomum spp. and B. suis prevalence and intensity tended to increase throughout life. Gilts (mean age 273 days) in the gestation unit had a higher (P less than 0.01) prevalence of A. suum and lower (P less than 0.01) prevalences of Oesophagostomum spp. and B. suis than sows (mean age 706 days). Similarly, A. suum EPG was higher (P less than 0.01) and Oesophagostomum spp. EPG and B. suis cysts per gram feces (CPG) were lower (P less than 0.01) in gilts than in sows. No evidence for a peri-parturient increase in parasite eggs or cysts was found. Instead, there was a higher prevalence of B. suis (P less than 0.01) in gestating than in lactating animals and more lactating sows than gestating sows were negative for parasites (P less than 0.01). Apparent differences due to location (gestation unit or farrowing unit) were largely attributable to age differences. Trichuris suis infections were rare and not shown to be established in the herd. Strongyloides ransomi in suckling piglets was controlled by anthelmintic therapy. I. suis occurred in piglets throughout the study but was never found in sows in the farrowing unit, either before or after birth of a subsequently infected litter of piglets. No parasites requiring intermediate hosts occurred.
在一项为期5年（1977 - 1981年）的调查中，对饲养在佐治亚州南部一个完全封闭的圈舍设施中的各年龄段猪的粪便样本进行了检测，以确定肠道线虫和原生动物寄生虫的流行率、感染强度及传播模式。保育舍中的断奶仔猪除了新断奶仔猪中偶尔出现的猪等孢球虫外，未检测到寄生虫感染。生长育肥猪的猪蛔虫、食道口线虫属和猪小袋纤毛虫感染率较低。猪蛔虫的平均感染率和每克粪便中的平均虫卵数（EPG）在约200日龄前上升，之后下降。食道口线虫属和猪小袋纤毛虫的感染率和感染强度在整个生命周期中呈上升趋势。妊娠舍中的后备母猪（平均年龄273天）猪蛔虫感染率较高（P < 0.01），而食道口线虫属和猪小袋纤毛虫的感染率较低（P < 0.01），与经产母猪（平均年龄706天）相比。同样，后备母猪的猪蛔虫EPG较高（P < 0.01），而食道口线虫属EPG和每克粪便中的猪小袋纤毛虫包囊数（CPG）低于经产母猪（P < 0.01）。未发现寄生虫卵或包囊在围产期增加的证据。相反，妊娠动物中猪小袋纤毛虫的感染率较高（P < 0.01），而哺乳动物中较低，且哺乳母猪中寄生虫阴性的比例高于妊娠母猪（P < 0.01）。因位置（妊娠舍或分娩舍）导致的明显差异很大程度上归因于年龄差异。猪鞭虫感染罕见，且未在猪群中定殖。哺乳仔猪中的兰氏类圆线虫通过驱虫治疗得到控制。在整个研究过程中，猪等孢球虫在仔猪中出现，但在分娩舍的母猪中，无论是在随后感染的仔猪出生前还是出生后，均未发现。未出现需要中间宿主的寄生虫。
