HIT Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China.
HIT Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China.
Adv Immunol. 2023;157:1-28. doi: 10.1016/bs.ai.2023.01.001. Epub 2023 Feb 24.
The key to mounting an immune response is that the host cells must be coordinated to generate an appropriate immune response against the pathogenic invaders. Antigen receptors recognize specific molecular structures and recruit adaptors through their effector domains, triggering trans-membrane transduction signaling pathway to exert immune response. The T cell antigen receptor (TCR) and B cell antigen receptor (BCR) are the primary determinant of immune responses to antigens. Their structure determines the mode of signaling and signal transduction determines cell fate, leading to changes at the molecular and cellular level. Studies of antigen receptor structure and signaling revealed the basis of immune response triggering, providing clues to antigen receptor priming and a foundation for the rational design of immunotherapies. In recent years, the increased research on the structure of antigen receptors has greatly contributed to the understanding of immune response, different immune-related diseases and even tumors. In this review, we describe in detail the current view and advances of the antigen structure and signaling.
引发免疫反应的关键在于宿主细胞必须协调一致，针对病原体入侵产生适当的免疫反应。抗原受体通过其效应结构域识别特定的分子结构，并招募衔接蛋白，从而触发跨膜转导信号通路，发挥免疫反应。T 细胞抗原受体 (TCR) 和 B 细胞抗原受体 (BCR) 是抗原免疫反应的主要决定因素。它们的结构决定了信号转导的方式，而信号转导决定了细胞命运，导致分子和细胞水平的变化。对抗原受体结构和信号转导的研究揭示了免疫反应触发的基础，为抗原受体启动提供了线索，并为免疫疗法的合理设计奠定了基础。近年来，对抗原受体结构的深入研究极大地促进了对免疫反应、不同免疫相关疾病甚至肿瘤的理解。在这篇综述中，我们详细描述了抗原结构和信号转导的当前观点和进展。
