Huang Ruichen, Zhao Bi, Hu Shi, Zhang Qian, Su Xiaoping, Zhang Wei
Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China.
Department of Biophysics, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Second Military Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China.
Biomark Res. 2023 Apr 17;11(1):41. doi: 10.1186/s40364-023-00478-5.
Neoantigens generated by non-synonymous mutations of tumor genes can induce activation of neoantigen-reactive T (NRT) cells which have the ability to resist the growth of tumors expressing specific neoantigens. Immunotherapy based on NRT cells has made preeminent achievements in melanoma and other solid tumors. The process of manufacturing NRT cells includes identification of neoantigens, preparation of neoantigen expression vectors or peptides, induction and activation of NRT cells, and analysis of functions and phenotypes. Numerous improvement strategies have been proposed to enhance the potency of NRT cells by engineering TCR, promoting infiltration of T cells and overcoming immunosuppressive factors in the tumor microenvironment. In this review, we outline the improvement of the preparation and the function assessment of NRT cells, and discuss the current status of clinical trials related to NRT cell immunotherapy.
肿瘤基因非同义突变产生的新抗原可诱导新抗原反应性T（NRT）细胞活化，这些细胞具有抵抗表达特定新抗原肿瘤生长的能力。基于NRT细胞的免疫疗法在黑色素瘤和其他实体瘤中取得了卓越成就。制造NRT细胞的过程包括新抗原的鉴定、新抗原表达载体或肽的制备、NRT细胞的诱导和活化，以及功能和表型分析。人们提出了许多改进策略，通过工程化TCR、促进T细胞浸润和克服肿瘤微环境中的免疫抑制因子来增强NRT细胞的效力。在这篇综述中，我们概述了NRT细胞制备和功能评估的改进，并讨论了与NRT细胞免疫疗法相关的临床试验现状。
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