Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Experimental Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.
College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China.
Microbiol Spectr. 2023 Jun 15;11(3):e0534822. doi: 10.1128/spectrum.05348-22. Epub 2023 Apr 17.
is a foodborne pathogen that is one of the main causes of gastroenteric disease in humans and animals. As a natural organic substance, sodium humate (HNa) possesses antibacterial, antidiarrheal, and anti-inflammatory properties. However, it is unclear whether the HNa and HNa-derived microbiota exert alleviative effects on Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium-induced enteritis. We found that treatment with HNa disrupted the cell wall of . Typhimurium and decreased the virulence gene expression. Next, we explored the effect of HNa presupplementation on . Typhimurium-induced murine enteritis. The results revealed that HNa ameliorated intestinal pathological damage. In addition, we observed that presupplementation with HNa enhanced intestinal barrier function via modulating gut microbiota, downregulating toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) and NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) signaling pathways, regulating intestinal mucosal immunity, and enhancing tight junction protein expression. To further validate the effect of HNa-derived microbiota on . Typhimurium-induced enteritis, we performed fecal microbiota transplantation and found that HNa-derived microbiota also alleviated . Typhimurium-induced intestinal damage. It is noteworthy that both HNa and HNa-derived microbiota improved the liver injury caused by . Typhimurium infection. Collectively, this is the first study to confirm that HNa could alleviate . Typhimurium-induced enteritis in a gut microbiota-dependent manner. This study provides a new perspective on HNa as a potential drug to prevent and treat salmonellosis. Typhimurium is an important zoonotic pathogen, widely distributed in nature. . Typhimurium is one of the leading causes of foodborne illnesses worldwide, and more than 350,000 people died from infection each year, which poses a substantial risk to public health and causes a considerable economic loss. Here, we found that the . Typhimurium infection caused severe intestinal and liver damage. In addition, we first found that sodium humate (HNa) and HNa-derived gut microbiota can alleviate . Typhimurium infection-induced intestinal damage. These findings extend the knowledge about the public health risk and pathogenic mechanisms of . Typhimurium.
是一种食源性病原体，是人类和动物胃肠道疾病的主要原因之一。腐植酸钠（HNa）作为一种天然有机物质，具有抗菌、止泻和抗炎作用。然而，目前尚不清楚 HNa 和 HNa 衍生的微生物群是否对肠炎沙门氏菌血清型鼠伤寒引起的肠炎有缓解作用。我们发现 HNa 处理破坏了鼠伤寒沙门氏菌的细胞壁并降低了毒力基因的表达。接下来，我们探讨了 HNa 预先添加对鼠伤寒沙门氏菌诱导的小鼠肠炎的影响。结果表明，HNa 改善了肠道病理损伤。此外，我们观察到 HNa 通过调节肠道微生物群、下调 Toll 样受体 4（TLR4）/核因子 kappa-B（NF-κB）和 NOD 样受体蛋白 3（NLRP3）信号通路、调节肠道黏膜免疫和增强紧密连接蛋白表达来增强肠道屏障功能。为了进一步验证 HNa 衍生的微生物群对肠炎沙门氏菌诱导的肠炎的影响，我们进行了粪便微生物群移植，发现 HNa 衍生的微生物群也减轻了肠炎沙门氏菌诱导的肠道损伤。值得注意的是，HNa 和 HNa 衍生的微生物群都改善了肠炎沙门氏菌感染引起的肝损伤。总的来说，这是第一项证实 HNa 可以通过肠道微生物群依赖的方式缓解肠炎沙门氏菌诱导的肠炎的研究。这项研究为腐植酸钠作为预防和治疗沙门氏菌病的潜在药物提供了新的视角。鼠伤寒沙门氏菌是一种重要的人畜共患病原体，广泛存在于自然界中。鼠伤寒沙门氏菌是全球食源性疾病的主要原因之一，每年有超过 35 万人死于感染，这对公共健康构成了重大威胁，并造成了相当大的经济损失。在这里，我们发现鼠伤寒沙门氏菌感染引起了严重的肠道和肝脏损伤。此外，我们首次发现腐植酸钠（HNa）和 HNa 衍生的肠道微生物群可以缓解鼠伤寒沙门氏菌感染引起的肠道损伤。这些发现扩展了关于鼠伤寒沙门氏菌的公共卫生风险和发病机制的知识。
