Whether there are links between geomagnetic field and Earth's orbital parameters remains unclear. Synchronous reconstructions of parallel long-term quantitative geomagnetic field and climate change records are rare. Here, we present Be-derived changes of both geomagnetic field and Asian monsoon (AM) rainfall over the last 870 kyr from the Xifeng loess-paleosol sequence on the central Chinese Loess Plateau. The Be flux (a proxy for geomagnetic field-induced Be production rate) reveals 13 consecutive geomagnetic excursions in the Brunhes chron, which are synchronized with the global records, providing key time markers for Chinese loess-paleosol sequences. The Be-derived rainfall exhibits distinct 100 kyr glacial-interglacial cycles, and superimposed precessional (23 kyr) cycles that match with those in Chinese speleothem δO record. We find that changes in the geomagnetic field and AM rainfall share a common ~100 kyr cyclicity, implying a likely eccentricity modulation of both the geomagnetic field and climate.