Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China.
Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China.
Differentiation. 2023 Jul-Aug;132:51-58. doi: 10.1016/j.diff.2023.04.002. Epub 2023 Apr 12.
Retinal development is initiated by multipotent retinal progenitor cells, which undergo several rounds of cell divisions and subsequently terminal differentiation. Retinal regeneration is usually considered as the recapitulation of retinal development, which share common mechanisms underlying the cell cycle re-entry of adult retinal stem cells and the differentiation of retinal neurons. However, how proliferative retinal progenitor cells perform a precise transition to postmitotic retinal cell types during the process of development and regeneration remains elusive. It is proposed that both the intrinsic and extrinsic programming are involved in the transcriptional regulation of the spatio-temporal fate commitment. Epigenetic modifications and the regulatory mechanisms at both DNA and chromatin levels are also postulated to play an important role in the timing of differentiation of specific retinal cells. In the present review, we have summarized recent knowledge of epigenetic regulation that underlies the commitment of retinal progenitor cells in the settings of retinal development and regeneration.
视网膜发育是由多能性视网膜祖细胞启动的，这些细胞经历了几次细胞分裂，随后进行终末分化。视网膜再生通常被认为是视网膜发育的重演，它涉及成年视网膜干细胞的细胞周期重新进入和视网膜神经元的分化的共同机制。然而，在发育和再生过程中，增殖性视网膜祖细胞如何精确地过渡到有丝分裂后视网膜细胞类型仍然难以捉摸。有人提出，内在和外在的编程都参与了时空命运决定的转录调控。还推测表观遗传修饰和 DNA 和染色质水平的调控机制在特定视网膜细胞分化的时间上也起着重要作用。在本综述中，我们总结了表观遗传调控的最新知识，这些知识是在视网膜发育和再生的背景下，视网膜祖细胞命运决定的基础。
