Castelo Rueda Maria Paulina, Zanon Alessandra, Gilmozzi Valentina, Lavdas Alexandros A, Raftopoulou Athina, Delcambre Sylvie, Del Greco M Fabiola, Klein Christine, Grünewald Anne, Pramstaller Peter P, Hicks Andrew A, Pichler Irene
Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, Italy.
Department of Economics, University of Patras, Patras, Greece.
NPJ Parkinsons Dis. 2023 Apr 18;9(1):65. doi: 10.1038/s41531-023-00499-9.
Homozygous or compound heterozygous (biallelic) variants in PRKN are causal for PD with highly penetrant symptom expression, while the much more common heterozygous variants may predispose to PD with highly reduced penetrance, through altered mitochondrial function. In the presence of pathogenic heterozygous variants, it is therefore important to test for mitochondrial alteration in cells derived from variant carriers to establish potential presymptomatic molecular markers. We generated lymphoblasts (LCLs) and human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived neurons from non-manifesting heterozygous PRKN variant carriers and tested them for mitochondrial functionality. In LCLs, we detected hyperactive mitochondrial respiration, and, although milder compared to a biallelic PRKN-PD patient, hiPSC-derived neurons of non-manifesting heterozygous variant carriers also displayed several phenotypes of altered mitochondrial function. Overall, we identified molecular phenotypes that might be used to monitor heterozygous PRKN variant carriers during the prodromal phase. Such markers might also be useful to identify individuals at greater risk of eventual disease development and for testing potential mitochondrial function-based neuroprotective therapies before neurodegeneration advances.
PRKN基因的纯合或复合杂合(双等位基因)变异是导致帕金森病且症状表达高度显性的原因,而更为常见的杂合变异可能通过改变线粒体功能,使个体易患帕金森病,但显性程度大大降低。因此,在存在致病性杂合变异的情况下,检测变异携带者来源细胞中的线粒体改变,以建立潜在的症状前分子标志物非常重要。我们从未表现出症状的杂合PRKN变异携带者中生成了淋巴细胞系(LCLs)和人诱导多能干细胞(hiPSC)来源的神经元,并对它们的线粒体功能进行了检测。在LCLs中,我们检测到线粒体呼吸亢进,并且,尽管与双等位基因PRKN - 帕金森病患者相比程度较轻,但未表现出症状的杂合变异携带者的hiPSC来源神经元也表现出几种线粒体功能改变的表型。总体而言,我们确定了一些分子表型,可用于在疾病前驱期监测杂合PRKN变异携带者。这些标志物可能也有助于识别最终患帕金森病风险更高的个体,并在神经退行性变进展之前测试基于线粒体功能的潜在神经保护疗法。